Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) monocropping have had a great socio-economic and environmental impact on the world and agroforestry systems has been considered an alternative for more sustainable production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different arrangements of agroforestry systems of the species E. urophylla x E. grandis and P. dubium and the pruning of the trees on the dynamics of solar radiation and soybean yield. A field experiment was conducted in Southern Brazil. In order to achieve the objective of the study, the solar radiation transmissivity and the productive performance of the soybean were evaluated. In this study, the soybean yield was determined by the arrangement of the agroforestry system and forest species utilized. The soybean crop cultivated in the understory of the P. dubium trees showed the highest yield response. The use of silvicultural practices for the management of forest species should be considered to generate the balance of the productive system. In this context, tree pruning is a viable side for agroforestry systems, as it promotes an increase in the incidence of solar radiation in the understory, resulting in an increase in soybean yield, especially when integrated with P. dubium.
Highlights
One of the greatest challenges of Brazilian agriculture is to strike a balance between agricultural production and environmental preservation
The solar radiation transmissivity was determined by the characteristics of the forest species
The soybean yield was determined by the arrangement of the agroforestry system and forest species utilized
Summary
One of the greatest challenges of Brazilian agriculture is to strike a balance between agricultural production and environmental preservation. Despite improvements already established in monoculture systems, such as intensified use of conservation practices, and the high potential of intercropping systems, reduced studies are conducted with the aim of identifying the forest and agricultural species adaptability to these systems, as well as to evaluate the positive effects of these when in a consortium; it can be verified that research involving alternative production systems is innovative in Brazil, especially when considered the context of world food production. The premise of this study is to generate a balance between the agricultural production of soybean and forest species, intercropped in order to produce both food and energy. All studies cited aim for the sustainability and preservation of natural resources, but do not present information about the interaction between species proposed in this work, as well as the need to generate a balance in production environments
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