Abstract

The ubiquitous nature of the helical fold and its characteristic physical properties make it one of the first candidates for studies of secondary structure formation in polypeptides, and the thermodynamics of helix formation is a common topic in many classical biophysics textbooks. However, though there is general agreement on the features of the equilibrium properties of the coil-to-helix transition, both experimental and theoretical studies have provided widely varying estimates of helix formation rates from tens of picoseconds to microseconds. We present results of recent molecular simulations of several helix-forming peptides that permit the quantitative study of both intra- and inter-helical contacts in polypeptides. This analysis of local, site-specific formation of intra- and inter-chain interactions is necessary for any quantitative modeling of the elementary steps of secondary and tertiary structure formation in protein folding, and it allows direct comparison to data from recent infrared vibrational spectroscopy studies.

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