Abstract
We carry out a theoretical investigation to clarify the dynamic property of photo-created nano-sized ferroelectric cluster observed in the paraelectric BaTiO3 as a real time correlation of speckle pattern between two soft X-ray laser pulses, at just above the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature. Based on a model with coupled soft X-ray photon and ferroelectric phonon mode, we study the time-dependence of scattering probability by using a perturbative expansion approach. The cluster-associated phonon softening as well as central peak effects are well-reproduced in the phonon spectral function via quantum Monte Carlo simulation. Besides, it is found that the time-dependence of speckle correlation is determined by the relaxation dynamics of ferroelectric clusters. Near the transition point, cluster excitation is stable, leading to a long relaxation time, while at high temperature, cluster structure is subject to the thermal fluctuation, ending up with a short relaxation time.
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