Abstract
Recently, a concept of digital metamaterials has been proposed to manipulate field distribution through proper spatial mixtures of digital metamaterial bits. Here, we present a design of 2-bit digitally-controlled coding metasurface that can effectively modulate the scattered electromagnetic wave and realize different far-field beams. Each meta-atom of this metasurface integrates two pin diodes, and by tuning their operating states, the metasurface has four phase responses of 0, π/2, π, and 3π/2, corresponding to four basic digital elements “00”, “01”, “10”, and “11”, respectively. By designing the coding sequence of the above digital element array, the reflected beam can be arbitrarily controlled. The proposed 2-bit digital metasurface has been demonstrated to possess capability of achieving beam deflection, multi-beam and beam diffusion, and the dynamical switching of these different scattering patterns is completed by a programmable electric source.
Highlights
Tune the coding sequences, the digital metasurface could realize real-time wave manipulation
We present a design of 2-bit digital metasurface in which each meta-atom integrates two pin diodes
One pole of the pin diode is grounded through a central metallized via-hole, and the other one is connected to a bias line etched on the bottom layer of the Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate
Summary
When the wave-vector is rotated to xoz plane with the same incident angle, it is seen from Fig. 3(c) and (d) that the designed meta-atom still keeps the high reflection magnitude at all the four states, and the phase difference is located in the range of Figure 2. Simulated reflection characteristics of the unit cell for the proposed 2-bit digital metasurface under four different operation states of the pin diodes. For the case of the beam deflection, the distribution of element array is set as “00, 01, 10, 11 ...” along x direction through the bias voltages By actively controlling the coding sequences of the designed metasurface, different scattering patterns can be realized, satisfying the various application fields
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