Abstract
In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) using persulfate, a conductive oxidant, provides a powerful signal for non-invasive geophysical techniques to characterize the remediation process of hydrocarbon contaminants. This study used ISCO for remediation in a laboratory sandbox and at an on-site contaminated site to evaluate the ability of resistivity chromatography (ERT) to monitor the process of alkali-activated persulfate remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. The experimental results show that the persulfate plume migrates mainly vertically due to density-driven flow. The relationship between resistivity and pollutant metrics further showed that pollutant depletion contributed 25.6% to the resistivity change in polluted source regions, while this contribution was less than 16% in low or non-polluted regions. In addition, field monitoring results indicate that the resistivity response is consistent with changes in water chemistry, water table, contaminant concentration and temperature. In conclusion, geophysical methods are excellent for dynamic monitoring of in situ remediation processes for hydrocarbon contamination.
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