Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist in early arthritis

Abstract

MRI has been proposed as the imaging method of choice to evaluate the long-term outcome in patients with early arthritis. The role of dynamic MRI, performed at presentation, in predicting the outcome of patients with early arthritis has been addressed in the present study. 39 patients with early arthritis, involving at least one wrist, were studied with clinical visits and laboratory investigations, every 3 months. Dynamic MRI was performed with a low-field (0.2T), extremity-dedicated machine (Artoscan, Esaote, Genova, Italy) equipped with a permanent magnet and with a dedicated hand and wrist coil. During the intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA, twenty consecutive fast images of 3 slices of the wrist were acquired. The synovial contrast enhancement ratio was calculated both as rate of early enhancement (REE) per second during the first 55" and as relative enhancement (RE) at t seconds. In our cohort of patients, REE and RE were significantly lower than those observed in a historical cohort of 36 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. In univariate analysis, low RE predicted complete remission of arthritis. In multivariate analysis, fulfillment of RA criteria during follow-up was predicted by high RE. The need for immunosoppressive treatment at the end of follow-up was predicted by both low RE and high REE. Dynamic MRI may be used to predict several outcomes of early arthritis involving the wrist.