Abstract
The JJ stent constitutes a medical device extensively used nowadays by urologists in more than 40,000 patients per year in France. In this investigation, we characterize the surface state and the elastic properties of a set of JJ stents on which pathological calcifications are present. These encrustations have been identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A surface examination by scanning electron microscopy indicates the existence of defects. The striking point of these observations is that black marks, present at the surface to help urologists during the operation, significantly alter the surface and may serve as nucleation centers. Moreover, elastic properties are not preserved when the indwelling time of JJ stents is longer than 12 wk. Such data may help industrial companies to develop new JJ stents, which avoid the formation of encrustations and help the clinician to optimize the lifetime of JJ stents in patients.
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