Abstract
A compact metamaterial inspired antenna operate at LTE, Bluetooth and WiMAX frequency band is introduced in this paper. For the lower band, the design utilizes an outer square metallic strip forcing the patch to radiate as an equivalent magnetic-current loop. For the upper band, another magnetic current loop is created by adding metamaterial structure near the feed line on the patch. The metamaterial inspired antenna dimension of 42 × 32 mm2 compatible to wireless devices. Finite integration technique based CST Microwave Studio simulator has been used to design and numerical investigation as well as lumped circuit model of the metamaterial antenna is explained with proper mathematical derivation. The achieved measured dual band operation of the conventional antenna are sequentially, 0.561~0.578 GHz, 2.346~2.906 GHz, and 2.91~3.49 GHz, whereas the metamaterial inspired antenna shows dual-band operation from 0.60~0.64 GHz, 2.67~3.40 GHz and 3.61~3.67 GHz, respectively. Therefore, the metamaterial antenna is applicable for LTE and WiMAX applications. Besides, the measured metamaterial antenna gains of 0.15~3.81 dBi and 3.47~3.75 dBi, respectively for the frequency band of 2.67~3.40 GHz and 3.61~3.67 GHz.
Highlights
With the fast development of the wireless communication technologies, having lightweight, low profile, superior performance, multi-band, low frequency band operation antennas are in good need to satisfy the increasing number of service bands, especially the Global system for mobile communication (GSM-900, GSM-1800), Global positioning system (GPS), Wireless LAN (WLAN) at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, Long term evolution (LTE) cover three bands, where the lower band includes frequency range of (698–966 MHz), middle band in the range of (1.427– 2.69 GHz) and higher band in the range of (3.4–3.8 GHz)
A circularly polarised square slot (CPSS) antenna array composed of 2 × 2 CPSS for operating over the frequency band from 1 to 4.34 GHz (L- and S-band)[4]
A dual band antenna for 2.4/5.2 GHz WLAN operations was proposed, where dual band operation was achieved by utilizing stacking technique on a dog bone shaped 40 × 38 mm[2] dipole antenna[8]
Summary
With the fast development of the wireless communication technologies, having lightweight, low profile, superior performance, multi-band, low frequency band operation antennas are in good need to satisfy the increasing number of service bands, especially the Global system for mobile communication (GSM-900, GSM-1800), Global positioning system (GPS), Wireless LAN (WLAN) at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, Long term evolution (LTE) cover three bands, where the lower band includes frequency range of (698–966 MHz), middle band in the range of (1.427– 2.69 GHz) and higher band in the range of (3.4–3.8 GHz). After embedding the metamaterial structure in the antenna, antenna size becomes reduce displayed in Fig. 1(d,e) achieve a dual-band operation at 0.645~0.689 GHz (bandwidth of 44 MHz), 2.75~3.38 GHz (bandwidth of 630 MHz), and 3.45~3.56 GHz (bandwidth of 110 MHz), whereas the measured results resonance points are respectively, 0.63, 3.21, 3.63 GHz that covers the bandwidth of 40 MHz (0.60~0.64 GHz), 730 MHz (2.67~3.40 GHz), and 60 MHz (3.61~3.67 GHz) with the VSWR less than 2. The impacts on the performances of return loss (S11), cover bands, bandwidths, peak gains and total efficiencies by changing the antenna shapes, ground structures and the position of the embedded metamaterial are analysed in detail. Current distribution and the radiation pattern are discussed
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