Abstract
Père Laubrussel wrote on L'abus de la critique en matière de religion, to which D'Alembert replied with a work bearing the same title. The present article takes this as a starting-point to try to show how the denunciation of misuse by the defenders of 'true5 religion, who claimed the Encyclopaedists' critical attitude was atheism, and D'Alembert' s denunciation of defenders of religion who judged physicial science according to theological criteria lead to the same conclusion, namely that misuse leads to false reasoning. Thus, for D'Alembert, if only everyone reasoned according to the terms of their own discipline, the theologians would stop misusing religious judgement in physics and the philosophes would no longer misapply empirical judgements to religion. Coherence in reasoning could have avoided many disputes.
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