Abstract
Further investigations on no-till openers are needed to better understand their effects on crop performance. Fivedifferent furrow opener points on shank-type drill units, a triple-disc opener, and three types of presswheels were evaluatedin terms of wheat and grain sorghum stand establishment and early plant height, for the no-till field conditions of drylandfarming and over-wintered partially deteriorated corn stubble residues. The field experiment was conducted with eighttreatments and five replicates for wheat or sorghum. The results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that thedifferent types of no-till openers had statistically significant effect on wheat emergence and sorghum early growth height onthe Texas Blackland Prairie. Significantly higher wheat emergence percentage was obtained using a 95-mm wide openerpoint rather than using narrow points of 25- and 35-mm widths. In contrast, the narrow opener point of 35-mm width hadbetter performance on sorghum early growth height than the wide point of 95-mm width. Hoe-type drill furrow openersproduced equivalent or higher wheat emergence percentages and sorghum height than a comparison disc-type furrow opener.A single presswheel provided equivalent or improved seeder performance over dual angled presswheels. The considerationof the effect of the width of an opener point on early plant performance is recommended for the selection or design of no-tilldrill openers.
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