Abstract
Individual domains and domain gratings were fabricated on nonpolar Y-cuts of LiNbO3 and LiNbO3-Zn crystals by electron beam irradiation. The domains which nucleated in the irradiation points are frontally growing along the direction +Z within a thin (of about several microns) surface layer. The regularities of this motion are discussed in the framework of the approach to formation of space-charge fields under e-beam charging of insulators. The obtained dependency of the domain length on the exposure time permits us to propose the viscous-friction mechanism for the observed frontal domain growth. The velocity of the frontal growth in LiNbO3-Zn is higher than in LiNbO3 obviously due to a decreased number of pinning centers at the Nb-antisites. In LiNbO3-4 %Zn crystals planar domain gratings were fabricated by means of point-to-point irradiations along the X- and Z-directions with specified distances between the irradiation points. It is shown that the domain gratings are generated by a total field of point charges \( \vec{E} = \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {\vec{E}_{i} } \), where Ei is the space-charge field induced in any irradiation point, and n is the number of points. Some preliminary estimates indicate that the frontal growth of domains under e-beam irradiation occurs at fields E < Ec.
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