Does Extraocular Proprioception Influence the Development of Visual Processes and the Oculomotor System?

Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the functions of extraocular proprioceptors, for eye motor control and position sense, and for visual processes. The participation of extraocular proprioceptors has been considered in fixation micronystagmus, in correcting overshoot of eye movements and oscillation, and as negative feedback for small deviations from fixation. The chapter points out that despite the fact that a monosynaptic stretch reflex has never been found, some reflex actions of extraocular muscles stretch receptors exist. The extraocular proprioceptors are involved in oculomotor control through their projections to structures such as cerebellum and superior colliculus. In particular conditions, these extraocular proprioceptors provide a conscious position sense. The chapter also reviews some observations that have led to the assumption that extraocular proprioceptors also have a function in visual processes. Recent experiments that provide evidence for the role of extraocular proprioceptors in the development of orientation specificity in visual cortical neurons are reported.