Abstract
SPENCE, JANET T. Do Material Rewards Enhance the Performance of LowerClass Children? CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1971, 42, 1461-1470. 2 replicated experiments were performed in which lower-class preschool boys and girls were given a conceptual task under Symbolic or Material reward conditions, with or without preliminary training experience. With no pretraining, Material reward was expected to produce better performance than Symbolic, thus replicating several previous studies using a similar task and similar procedures; but with pretraining, the reverse. In the No-Training condition, only the girls in the first experiment performed as predicted, the other groups doing better with Symbolic rewards. In confirmation of expectations, the superiority of Symbolic rewards was also demonstrated in all of the Training groups.
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