Abstract
Oxidative stress is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We determined the extent of oxidative DNA damage and the kinetics of its removal as well as the genotypes of the Ser326Cys polymorphism of the hOGG1 gene in lymphocytes of 30 wet AMD patients and 30 controls. Oxidative DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and its repair were evaluated by the comet assay and DNA repair enzymes. We observed a higher extent of endogenous oxidative DNA damage and a lower efficacy of its repair in AMD patients as compared with the controls. We did not find any correlation between the extent of DNA damage and efficacy of DNA repair with genotypes of the Ser326Cys polymorphism. The results obtained suggest that oxidative DNA damage and inefficient DNA repair can be associated with AMD and the variability of the hOOG1 gene may not contribute to this association.
Highlights
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in Western countries among people aged 50 years and older [1]
Diagnosis of wet form AMD was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and in some cases indocyanin green angiography (ICG)
There were significant differences (P < .01) between the mean extent of oxidative DNA damage recognized by Nth between AMD patients and controls (Figure 2(a))
Summary
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in Western countries among people aged 50 years and older [1]. The prevalence of AMD in various European countries (Norway, Estonia, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Greece, and Spain) was 3.32% with the of geographic atrophic AMD of 1.2%, neovascular AMD 2.3% and bilateral AMD 1.4% [2]. AMD is a significant health problem in the United States, with a current estimate of about 1.75 million persons with advanced AMD in the general population and about 7.3 million people with early stages of AMD defined by large retinal drusen. It has been projected that by the year 2020, approximately about 2.95 million people will have advanced AMD and an additional 6.4 million white individuals will have the early stages of AMD in at least one eye [3]. AMD prevalence has been rising across the globe. As the average life span of humans continues to increase, especially in the developed countries, the incidence of AMD is expected to nearly double within the 25 years
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