Abstract
Molecular systematics is a branch of systematics that analyzes genetic markers for the classification of organisms. Genetic markers include target sequences of molecules DNA, RNA, and amino acids. The most often used genetic markers are DNA markers, localized on DNA molecules. The study aim was DNA-based molecular identification of species Urnula mediterranea (M. Carbone, Agnello & Baglivo) M. Carbone, Agnello & P. Alvarado (2013), by using molecular systematics methods. This species was recently discovered for the first time in Central Serbia and determined only based on morphological characteristics. For the first time, U. mediterranea sampled in Serbia, was identified with DNA molecular markers. Extraction of DNA molecules was performed from the fruiting body of U. mediterranea. ITS region and the part of the gene for 28S rRNA were amplified and sequenced by the Sanger method. Comparing the analyzed sequences with the sequences from the database, a match of 99.72% was found for the ITS region and 100% for the part of the gene for 28S rRNA. By molecular identification, it has been established that the sample belongs to the species U. mediterranea. Both analyzed DNA sequences of U. mediterranea were deposited into the NCBI database.
Highlights
Molecular systematics is a branch of systematics that analyzes genetic markers for the classification of organisms
Molecular systematics is а scientific discipline that studies systematics and classification of organisms based on their phylogenetic relatedness determined by molecular analyses of genetic markers (MAURO and AGORRETA, 2010)
Target sequences of amino acids, RNA molecules, and DNA molecules belong to the group of genetic markers
Summary
Molecular systematics is а scientific discipline that studies systematics and classification of organisms based on their phylogenetic relatedness determined by molecular analyses of genetic markers (MAURO and AGORRETA, 2010). DNA markers usually exist in a large number of copies, it can be very variable (high mutation rate) or conserved. They are usually highly polymorphic, which is why they provide more information than other sequences of the genome (NADEEM et al, 2018). Due to the advantages that characterize them, molecular DNA markers are most commonly used in the intraspecies and interspecies determination of phylogenetic relationships (PATWARDHAN et al, 2014; GROVER and SHARMA, 2016; NADEEM et al, 2018)
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