Dėl vadinamųjų kokybinių (<em>k</em>)-<em>oks</em>, (<em>k</em>)-<em>oki</em>(<em>a</em>) tipo įvardžių darybos ir raidos

Abstract

On the Formation and Evolution of Qualitative ( k ) -oks , ( k ) -oki ( a )-type Pronouns Summary On the basis of data from old Lithuanian writings and existing dialects, an assumption is made that the qualitative ( k ) -oks , (k )- oki ( a )-type pronouns, which formed in the Lithuanian protolanguage, were derivatives of the suffix *-āk- with the stems *šia- , *ja- , *ana , *ta- , *kita- , *ka- , *vę̄na- and *visa- . The masculine and neuter pronouns of this type possessed an a -stem, whereas the feminine pronouns possessed an ā -stem. Some modifications had already occurred in the stems and the declension of the said pronouns in the majority of cases under the influence of * ( j ) is , * ( j ) ī́ resp. *patis , *patī́ -type pronominal declension even before Leskien’s Law. The most favourable conditions for this change, however, were in the paradigms of the indirect demonstrative pronouns * tākā patī́ and * tākas patis , with the pronoun patis gradually acquiring some ia -stem forms; * tākī́ developed on the model of *patī́ , while * tākis > tokis developed on the model of patis (also cf. ( j ) is , šis ) from * tākas. With the modification of the inflectional classes, these feminine pronouns began to be declined as *patī́ -type words, whereas their masculine counterparts as ( j ) is , šis resp. patis pronouns, which possessed the nominative, accusative and inessive i -stem forms; the forms of the other cases possessed an i̯a -stem. The evolution of its further development involved the abolition of the weak suppletion from the paradigms of the feminine and the masculine pronouns ( toki → tokia , tokis → tokias ), and the reduction of the number of allomorphs according to he model of the adjectives žalias , žalia . This change, however, was not all-encompassing; it had a greater effect on the feminine gender paradigms.