Diversity of Cultivable Fungi Isolated from the Chenghai Lake in Yunnan Province

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate the fungal diversity and the ecological distribution of these fungi in the plateau lake and surrounding soil, to analyze the relations between fungi quality and the physical and chemical factors of lake water. Fungi were identif ied with classical morphological method. In Addition, fungal diversity, evenness and similarity in different habitats were analyzed. Software IBM SPSS Statistics 19 was used to carry out Pearson correlation analysis and signif icance test on the physical and chemical factors as well as fungi quantity from 8 winter water samples. Among the total 1 760 strains isolated, 1 504 sporogenous strains were identified as 98 genera. The dominant genera were Aspergillus and Penicillium, with isolation frequency 14.89% and 12.39%, respectively. Both fungal species(65 genera) and isolation frequency(60.13%) were the highest in the spring soil. The analysis of diversity and evenness index showed that fungi in the spring soil and the winter sediment had the highest diversity, with Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index as 2.917 7, 0.907 4 and 2.910 7, 0.918 5, respectively; the evenness index of winter lake water was the largest(0.793 1). Similarity coeff icient revealed that fungal similarity between winter lake water and winter sediment was the highest, with Jaccard index and Sorenson index 0.365 4 and 0.535 2, separately. Pearson correlation analysis showed that temperature, total nitrogen, total hardness were positively correlated with fungi quantity, whereas pH, conductivity, turbidity, total phosphorus, and total organic carbon were negatively correlated with fungi quantity. Significance test showed that eight physical and chemical factors were not significantly related to fungi quantity. The investigation suggested that a large number of fungi exist in great diversity in the Chenghai Lake and surrounding soil. The results laid the foundation for subsequent activity screening and metabolic product research. Tab 6, Ref 23