Abstract
In this study, we analyzed distribution of species of the genus Gymnosporangium in the mountain regions of Uzbekistan, including the Western Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay. Four species of Gymnosporangium (G. confusum, G. sabinae, G. fusisporum, and G. turkestanicum) are reported for Uzbekistan. The telial hosts of these rust fungi are species of the genus Juniperus, while aecial hosts in Uzbekistan are representatives of the genera Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Sorbus, and Pyrus (all Rosaceae). It has been found that the distribution patterns of species of Gymnosporangium within mountain areas of Uzbekistan depend largely on distribution of juniper woodlands because representatives of the genus Juniperus as telial hosts play a major role in the life cycle of these fungi. In that regard, Gymnosporangium species have not yet been recorded in the Nuratau Nature Reserve despite other favorable conditions for these rust fungi in this territory.
Highlights
The rust fungi (Pucciniales) is a cosmopolitan and taxonomically challenging group of plant pathogenic fungi comprising approximately 8000 species worldwide (Aime, 2006)
The climate of the Nuratau Nature Reserve is rather arid in comparison with that of Zaamin National Park
No records of Gymnosporangium in the Nuratau Nature Reserve area can be explained by the lack or rarity of its telial host
Summary
The rust fungi (Pucciniales) is a cosmopolitan and taxonomically challenging group of plant pathogenic fungi comprising approximately 8000 species worldwide (Aime, 2006). Rust fungi are heteroecious and require two independent specific host plants to complete their life cycle (Toome, 2010). Rust fungi completely depend on the nutrients provided by the host plant. They secrete effector proteins into host tissues through haustoria during infection (Dodds et al, 2009). The rust fungi are one of the most important pathogens of various crops (Dodge, 1915; Helfer, 2005). More than half (54%) of Rosaceae species are highly susceptible to rust fungi, including fruit trees and ornamentals (Helfer, 2005)
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