Distribution of penicillin-G and spiramycin to tissue cages and subcutaneous tissue fluid in calves

Abstract

Antibacterial drug concentrations in serum, tissue cage fluid ( TCF) and subcutaneous tissue fluid ( SF), sampled either by filter paper discs or by microcapillaries, were measured after single intramuscular injections of potassium penicillin-G ( KPG), procaine penicillin-G ( PPG) and spiramycin adipate in calves. Concentration-time curves had essentially similar profiles in serum and SF, but peak levels were lower and occurred later in SF. From approximately four hours after drug administration, penicillin-G levels in SF were similar to levels in serum after KPG as well as after PPG administration. Elimination half-life (t 1 2 ) of penicillin-G in serum was similar to t 1 2 in SF after PPG administration but was longer in SF than in serum after KPG administration. Spiramycin concentrations were higher in SF than in serum and the t 1 2 of spiramycin in SF was longer than in serum. For all three drugs, the t 1 2 was longer in TCF than in serum and concentration-time curves in TCF were characterised by a slow rise and decline. The two methods of sampling SF, by filter paper discs and by microcapillaries, gave similar but not identical results. Penetration into SF and TCF, measured as the total area under curve ratio, was better for spiramycin than for penicillin-G, but the latter drug had a higher penetration ratio to TCF in the first 12 hours.