Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a coccobacillus that is Gram negative, non motile, non fermentative and oxidase negative. It is the most common and successful nosocomial pathogen recognised by WHO. This dreadful pathogen causes urinary tract infections, ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), bacteremia, etc., These infections are most common in hospital wards especially Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The infections are due to biofilm formation by the virulent genes of A. baumannii, and the common biofilm-associated genes of A. baumannii were bap, csuE, fimH, epsA, bfmS, ptk, pgaB, ompA, blaPER-1. Among these, bap, epsA and ompA genes are highly prevalent among the clinical strains of A. baumannii.
 Aim: To detect the three vital biofilm-associated genes of A. baumannii by in-silico PCR analysis.
 Materials and Methods: 19 isolates of A. baumannii were selected and 3 target genes, namely epsA, ompA and bap gene were used for the amplification process through in-silico PCR simulation tools. Evolutionary analysis was done for the ompA gene.
 Results: The epsA gene was expressed in 10.52% of the total strains selected with the highest occurrence of ompA gene as 57.89%. bap gene was not observed from the study strains included. From evolutionary analysis based on ompA distributed strains, the Acinetobacter baumannii SDF and Acinetobacter baumannii BJAB0715 might be the parental strains where the evolution of strains would have started. Through successive generations, the Acinetobacter baumannii MDR-ZJ06 and Acinetobacter baumannii TYTH-1 had become the multidrug resistant strains present in the environment.
 Conclusion: The findings of the study confirms the distribution of epsA and ompA genes among the 19 different strains of A. baumannii. The study suggests periodical monitoring of biofilm based virulence genes among the clinical strains and to curtail the A. baumannii infections.
Highlights
Acinetobacter baumannii is a coccobacillus that is Gram negative, non motile, non fermentative and oxidase negative
From the results analysed from in-silico PCR simulation tool, it is inferred that epsA gene was present in 2 strains, ompA gene was present in 11 strains and bap gene was not present in any of the strains
The epsA gene was present in strains namely A. baumannii AB307-0294, A. baumannii AYE and not present in other strains (Fig. 1)
Summary
Acinetobacter baumannii is a coccobacillus that is Gram negative, non motile, non fermentative and oxidase negative It is the most common and successful nosocomial pathogen as recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO). This dreadful pathogen causes urinary tract infections, ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), bacteremia and even soft tissue, abdominal, CNS infections. It is the most common and successful nosocomial pathogen recognised by WHO This dreadful pathogen causes urinary tract infections, ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), bacteremia, etc., These infections are most common in hospital wards especially Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The infections are due to biofilm formation by the virulent genes of A. baumannii, and the common biofilm-associated genes of A. baumannii were bap, csuE, fimH, epsA, bfmS, ptk, pgaB, ompA, blaPER-1. From evolutionary analysis based on ompA distributed strains, the Acinetobacter baumannii SDF
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