Abstract
Abstract Activities associated with the nuclear fuel cycle and the testing of nuclear weapons have led to the release of plutonium into the environment. The behavior of plutonium in natural systems is governed by a variety of geochemical reactions, including solubility and sorption reactions, redox reactions, hydrolysis, complexation with organic and inorganic ligands and the formation of colloids. The redox reactions of plutonium are of particular interest as plutonium exhibits an unusually broad range of oxidation states in solution. In this paper, we review the chemistry of environmentally relevant plutonium species, emphasizing the importance of the oxidation state on the behavior of plutonium in aquatic systems and soils. The applicability and limitations of various analytical techniques for the speciation of plutonium in the environment are also discussed.
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