Abstract
Based on DEM (digital elevation model) data, a distributed model for calculating extraterrestrial solar radiation (ESR) over rugged terrain is developed. This model gives an all-sided consideration on factors influencing ESR. Besides, by merely taking the DEM data as input, it is able to process mass of data and is applicable to satellite image processing platforms or GIS (Geographic Information System). Using DEM data as the general characterization of terrain, ESR quantity with resolution of 1km × 1km for the rugged terrain of China is calculated. Results suggest that annual ESR quantity has clearly (1) a latitude-dependent variation characteristics and a progressive increase trend from north to south; (2) azonal distribution characteristics of annual ESR quantity in mountainous areas arise owing to the effects of topographical factors such as aspect, slope and terrain inter-shielding. The calculated ESR of China in this study can be employed as basic geographic data for relevant studies as well.
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