Abstract
The largest environmental concern facing the mining industry today is the occurrence of dissolved heavy metal contaminants and acidic effluents caused by sulfide oxidation (Paktunc, 1999), generally referred to as acid mine drainage (AMD). Numerous abandoned, operating, and proposed metal mines exist in permafrost-affected regions, and disposal of mine waste and AMD occur at several mine sites in the Arctic. Mine tailings result from the processing of ore and usually are transported to nearby disposal areas. Pollution in most cases spreads to the surroundings by acidic drainage to local watershed stream systems and marine environments.
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