Abstract
The dispersion of carbon nanoparticles in water was investigated using dispersants based on block copolymers of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(amideimide) (PAI) or a homopolymer of PAA. A diblock copolymer (PAA-block-PAI), triblock copolymer (PAA-block-PAI-block-PAA), and hetero-arm star block copolymer (PAA2PAI) with similar molecular weights and PAA contents were used as dispersants. The dispersion of solutions with these polymers was investigated by ζ-potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy. The adsorption of PAI onto carbon nanoparticles was observed. The dispersion of carbon nanoparticles was measured using dynamic light scattering and UV-vis spectroscopy. The dispersibility of carbon nanoparticles increased through the series of copolymers (from most to least dispersed): PAA2PAI, PAA-block-PAI, PAA-block-PAI-block-PAA, and homo-PAA. PAA-PAI copolymers behaved as effective dispersants for carbon nanoparticles in water. The presence of a hydrophobic block was essential for dispersion. The architecture of the block copolymers also influenced the dispersion of nanoparticles. Locally concentrated regions of PAA exhibited repulsive interactions, causing dispersion of nanoparticles. PAA2PAI demonstrated the greatest potential as an anode binder in lithium-ion batteries because it functioned as a dispersant for the conductive additive.
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