Abstract
A decrease in visual acuity is a common symptom of many ophthalmologic and neuro-ophthalmologic diseases. The origin of the disease may be located at any point of the visual pathway that sends luminous stimuli from the ocular surface to the occipital cortex. A careful case history and systematic eye examination are essential for establishing a diagnosis or for guiding the additional tests in order to reach a diagnosis, thus avoiding unnecessary additional examinations. Some diseases that are accompanied by decreased vision have a visual and even vital prognosis that depends on the early establishment of appropriate treatment. Therefore, they must be identified and assessed urgently by ophthalmologists and/or neurologists.
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