Abstract
Landscapes have history and memory, which are eloquent generators of testimonies and traces on the processes of the landscape that take place today, and that will take place in the future. In recent years, numerous methods of analysing land and landscape patterns have been developed and evaluated, based on the multiplicity of these type of geographic and historical data sources, which have developed the concept of the geohistorical source. The goal of these sources of information allows us to historically reconstruct landscapes. With this in mind, the basic objective of the present research is to approach a geohistorical source with a wide spatial spectrum in Europe and America: the geographical and topographical relations of Philip II. This source has been chosen for the quality, quantity, variety and systematization of the data it provides on the territory and landscape of the crown of Castile. In addition, it ended up being the model of how to obtain organized and homogeneous knowledge of a large spatial area, considering the geographical, anthropological and historical data of the different territories. This geohistorical source is reliable, because the local authorities, both secular and ecclesiastical, are questioned, as they are the ones who inhabit, use, and, at different levels, govern the territory and its people.
Highlights
Our current perspective of landscapes and terrains is the result of their evolution over time
The research will base its research criteria on the hypothetico-deductive method, one of the most used models in the geographical sciences and humanities. It has been established as a fundamental hypothesis that the landscape and the territory have a clear reference of knowledge in geohistorical sources
In the following pages we describe an approach, involving important surveys of spaces on both sides of the Atlantic, namely, the Geographical and Topographical Relations of Philip II
Summary
Our current perspective of landscapes and terrains is the result of their evolution over time. For this reason, and as a means to understand the characteristics of a given historical place and society, researchers must consult documents, references and data that provide information about societies, and the lands in which they occupy and place value. In recent years, numerous methods for analysing land and landscape patterns have been developed and assessed, based on a multitude of geographical and historical data sources, and have given rise to the concept of a “geohistorical source” [3]. Under the umbrella of this notion is a set of sources containing geographical and historical data which can be spatialised [4] (p. 69)
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