Discontinuous Galerkin Integral Equation Approach for Electromagnetic Modeling of Realistic and Complex Radiating Systems

Abstract

An electric field integral equation (EFIE) discontinuous Galerkin (DG) formulation for the electromagnetic radiation analysis of realistic antennas is presented. Radiation problems are known to be computationally challenging, involving complex multiscale geometries often made up of a collection of closed and open surfaces. This complexity points to the convenience of separately building and meshing parts with different characteristics, either physical or geometric. This piecewise modelling approach is also desirable in the context of design optimization processes. The proposed formulation fits perfectly into this context by enabling the assembly of independently-meshed surfaces, yet without the need to enforce mesh conformity along the junction contours. The continuity of the normal components of the equivalent current at junctions is enforced using the interior penalty (IP) concept, which is extended to multiple conducting surfaces meeting at a junction.