Abstract
In this study, 316L/18Ni300 functional gradient material (FGM) were designed and prepared via directed energy deposition, aiming to achieve synergistic enhancement of strength and toughness between two different lattice-structured steels. Macroscopic analyses showed that the interlayer metallurgical bonding of the 316L/18Ni300 FGM was achieved, and no obvious defects such as unfused and inclusions were observed. Spatially heterogeneous structures cellular dendrite, epitaxially grown columnar dendrites, columnar dendrites were observed along the building direction. The microhardness of the 316L/18Ni300 FGM surface is 329 HV, which is an improvement of 185 % as compared to 316L. The static tensile and three-point bending results show that 316L/18Ni300 FGM combines the toughness of 316L with the strength of 18Ni300. In the reciprocating sliding wear test, 316L/18Ni300 FGM showed an increase in wear resistance along the building direction, with a 35 % increase on the surface. This study not only provides innovative ideas and theoretical guidance for 316L/18Ni300 FGM in terms of mechanical property enhancement, but also opens up a new path for broadening 316L for a wide range of applications.
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