Abstract
The turbulent behavior of liquid and gas flows at a free surface is not very well understood in comparison with that of the motions at the solid boundary. In the present study, the DNS for the turbulent free surface flow with a shear wind has been carried out by means of a coupled gas-liquid flow solution procedure, i.e., MARS (Multi-interface and Advection and Reconstruction Solver) developed by one of the authors. From the present DNS results, the turbulent statistics of the free surface characteristics, such as surface-shape, velocity fluctuations and the budget of turbulent kinetic energy, are obtained. The Henry's Law is applied to the evaluation of a saturated gas concentration at the free surface caused by the carbon-dioxide gas absorption. The mean concentration profile of carbon-dioxide and the root-mean-square of concentration fluctuation distribution throughout both the gas and liquid flow fields are obtained. According to the computational flow visualization, the carbon-dioxide gas is transferred by the low-speed streaks corresponding to low-pressure regions and also transported by the vortexes from the free surface to the bottom in the water region. It is found that this is one of the mechanisms of carbon-dioxide gas transport due to turbulence at the free surface. Moreover, an exchange coefficient of carbon-dioxide gas absorbed at the turbulent free surface is estimated.
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