Abstract
In this article, we present a novel digital predistortion (DPD) architecture for multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) transmitters using a real-time single-channel over-the-air (OTA) data acquisition loop. The proposed feedback data acquisition strategy captures OTA signals from a fixed location and indirectly identifies the nonlinear behavior of all power amplifiers (PAs) in the array, as well as their combined signals in the far-field direction. The DPD can, therefore, be effectively constructed without direct measurement at PA output or at user end. The proposed linearization solution can run in real-time and, thus, does not interfere with data transmission in the MIMO transmitters. It can also achieve robust performance when mutual coupling occurs between antenna elements. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately estimate both PA outputs and far-field main beam data. Excellent linearization performance can be achieved with low complexity hardware implementation and reduced computational complexity.
Highlights
T O ACHIEVE higher system capacity, millimeter-wave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), featuring wide bandwidth and large number of antennas, is expected to be adopted in 5G communication systems [1]
The performance of the proposed MIMO DPD scheme will be analyzed with beam-oriented linearization and fullangle linearization based on 1 × 8 uniform linear array (ULA) and 1 × 32 ULA with element spacing λ/2 at 28 GHz
For setup of a 1 ×2 ULA, two baseband input signals with bandwidth of 20 MHz and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of 5.5 dB were generated by the software MATLAB in PC and downloaded to the two signal channels provided by a dualchannel signal generator (R&S SMW200A)
Summary
T O ACHIEVE higher system capacity, millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), featuring wide bandwidth and large number of antennas, is expected to be adopted in 5G communication systems [1]. The very short wavelength of mmWave frequencies is beneficial for massive MIMO, as the physical size of antenna can be reduced significantly and considerable performance improvement can be achieved by using largescale antenna arrays. Date of publication November 7, 2019; date of current version January 13, 2020. This article is an expanded version from the IEEE International Wireless Symposium, Guangzhou, China, May 19-22, 2019. This article is an expanded version from the IEEE International Wireless Symposium, Guangzhou, China, May 19-22, 2019. (Corresponding author: Xiaoyu Wang.)
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