Diffusible and Extractable Gibberellins in Bean Cotyledons in Relation to Dwarfisni

Abstract

AbstractDwarfism in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is investigated in relation to the diffusible and extractable gibberel‐lins in cotyledonary tissues. These gibberellins were partitioned into four parts prior to thin layer chromatograplty: non‐acidic and acidic ethyl acetate fractions, and non‐acidic and acidic butanol fractions.Cotyledonary segments from a tall plant (cv. Kentucky Wonder) seem to diffuse, preferentially acropetally, more gibberellins in each fraction than those from a dwarf plant (cv. Masterpiece). The diffusion increases with the length of the segments and decreases with period after sowing. From experiments on extraetable gibberellins, however, it is concluded that these phenomena actually result from differences in the gibbereliin contents of the tall and the dwarf plants, from differences in the gibberellin contents of the distal and proximal parts of cotyledons, and from the gibberellin contents before and after imbibition.Ten kinds of gibberellin‐Iike substances are detectable in the diffusates, exudates and extracts from the cotyledons of both the plants; two in the non‐acidic ethyl acetate, three in the acidic ethyl acetate (GA1, GA6 and another), two in the non‐acidic butanol, and three in the acidic butanol frac—tion. They are almost identical in quality in the dwarf and tall plants, but in the latter they are more abundant in the cotyledons, particularly in their distal part.With respect to the change in content during the period after sowing, the gibberellin‐Iike substances are classified in three groups; unchanging, decreasing (GA1, GA6, others) and increasing (butanol soluble glucosyl esters and glucosides of gibberellins)‐. The increase of glucose‐bound gibberellins and the decrease of free gibberellins during the sowing period suggest the occurrence of conversion. This is obvious only in the tall plants. The gibberellin content in cotyledons is higher in the tall plant than in the dwarf plant. Thus, the marked hypocotyl growth in the tall plants may be dependent on the higher content of gibberellins in their cotyledons and on the higner rate of conversion from free to bound forms.