Abstract
The associations of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) with intraocular pressure and primary open angle glaucoma (OAG) have been reported. This study aimed to determine whether a difference in association exists between OAG and metabolic risk factors according to obesity status among Korean adults. A total of 8,816 participants (≥40 years) in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were classified into obese, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 and non-obese, BMI < 25 kg/m2. The prevalence of MetS was 40.1% in non-obese OAG and 66.0% in obese OAG. The prevalence of OAG increased with increasing number components for MetS in total population and in non-obese subjects (P < 0.001, respectively), while the prevalence of OAG was not associated with number of components for MetS in obese subjects (P = 0.14). In non-obese individuals, subjects with high triglycerides, high blood pressure (BP), and MetS were more likely to have OAG compared with those without high triglycerides, high BP, and MetS after adjusting for potential confounders. However, MetS or its components exhibited no significant association with glaucoma status in obese individuals. Our study provides understanding on the differences in association of OAG with MetS and its components according to obesity status.
Highlights
Of the many risk factors of open angle glaucoma (OAG), IOP is considered as a predominant risk factor worldwide
Contrasting results on diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components were found in non-glaucoma and glaucoma subjects according to obesity status
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large, population-based study to examine the associations between metabolic risk factors and OAG according to obesity status among an Asian adult population
Summary
Of the many risk factors of OAG, IOP is considered as a predominant risk factor worldwide. Like many other metabolic diseases, the relationship with obesity has been previously evaluated, and numerous studies reported that lower body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of OAG14,15. There has been recent interest in the heterogeneity of cardiovascular disease risk within the traditional body mass index (BMI) categories: A substantial proportion of overweight or obese adults are metabolically healthy, whereas a considerable proportion of normal-weight adults exhibit a www.nature.com/scientificreports/. It has been commonly reported that despite lower BMI, Asians tend to have higher percent body fat and are more insulin resistant than Caucasians[23,24], with relatively high prevalence of metabolically obese but normal weight population[16,25]. Despite the possible clinical significance, the associations between OAG and metabolic risk factors according to obesity status have not been addressed in large population-based studies. The present study was conducted to investigate the associations between metabolic risk factors and OAG in Korean adults aged 40 years or older and stratified by obesity status, focusing on possible differences in these associations
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