DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2;

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the pattern dyslipidimia in patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. StudyDesign: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: This study was carried out in General Medicine department of Peoples MedicalUniversity & Hospital Nawabshah and Civil Hospital Karachi, from June 2011 to July 2012. Methodology: This study consisted of seventypatients. Detailed history was taken from all the patients with special regard to increased thirst and frequent urination, increased hunger,weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing sores or frequent infections and an areas of darkened skin. Inclusion criteria were that allpatients after counseling for study and taking written consent were included in this study >35 years of age with either sex admitted ingeneral medicine ward through outpatient department and diagnosed as case of DM type 2 on the basis of history , clinical examinationand investigations. Exclusion criteria included patients on dialysis, patients on lipid lowering agents, patients with acute complication ofdiabetes mellitus such as diabetic keto-acidosis, patients suffering from hypothyroidism, nephritic syndrome, type 1 DM and HTN, lacticacidosisand hypoglycemia. Results were prepared with the help of tables and graphs. Data was analyzed through SPSS software.Results: Out of 70 patients included in this study 46 were men (65.8%) and 24 patients were female (34.2%); with male to female ratio of1.9:1. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 35 year to 75 year. The mean age was 48.65+7.8 years. Mean totalserum cholesterol was 196.04 ± 44.02mg/dl, mean serum triglycerides was 193.04 ± 108.64 mg/dl , mean high density lipoprotein29.28 ± 8.48mg/dl, mean low density lipoprotein 125.24 ± 39.68mg/dl and mean very low density lipoprotein was 31.28 ± 8.48 mg/dl.Total cholesterol was abnormal (>200mg/dl) in 56(80%) patients out of 70[ 21(87.5%) were females and 35 (76.1%) were males],Triglycerides was abnormal (>150mg/dl) in 62(88.5%) patients [ 22 (91.66 %) were females and 40 (86.95%) were males], high densitylipoprotein was abnormal (< 35 mg/dl) in 51(72.8%) patients[ 18(75%) were females and 33(71.73%) were males], LDL was abnormal(>130 mg/dl) in 40(57.1%) patients [ 17 (70.83%) were females and 23(50%) were males] and VLDL was abnormal (> 30 mg/dl) in47(67.14%) patients [19(79.16%) were females and 28(60.86%) were males]. Conclusions: We conclude that dyslipidemia is commonamong type 2 diabetic patients. Males are more prone to suffer from this complication. Patterns of dyslipidemia found more commonlywere decreased HDL levels, increased LDL and Triglycerides levels. There is a need for early detection and treatment of this problem toprevent type 2 diabetic complications .