Diabetes Knowledge and Dietary Adherence among type 2 diabetic patients in selected hospitals in Ibadan, Oyo State

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a worldwide increasing health problem of which type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent. Previously considered as a problem of industrialised countries, diabetes is currently a huge concern in developing countries and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is one of the sub-Saharan countries with a high prevalence rate of diabetes. Deficit of knowledge has already been shown to be one of the barriers preventing diabetic patients from controlling their disease.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients seen at the Institut Médical Evangélique (IME) Kimpese Hospital diabetic clinic, DRC, and the factors associated with their knowledge.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving 184 respondents was conducted at the diabetic clinic of the IME Kimpese Hospital, DRC. We administered a pre-tested questionnaire. Out of a total of 10, scores of < 5, 5 to < 7, and ≥ 7 were classified as ‘poor knowledge’, ‘moderate knowledge’ and ‘good knowledge’, respectively, according to expert consensus. All statistical tests were performed using p < 0.05 as the level of statistical significance.ResultsThe mean age of respondents was 57.5 years (s.d. ± 1.4, ranging from 40 to 83 years), with 56% being male. The mean diabetes knowledge score was poor: 3.2 out of a total of 10 (s.d. ± 1.7), with the range between 0.2 and 7.7. The majority of respondents (72.3%) had poor general knowledge about diabetes mellitus. Respondents also scored poorly in areas of the causes (35.6%), risk factors (39.3%), clinical features (34.9%), complications (20.5%) and management (42.4%) of diabetes mellitus. Using the student t-test analysis, it was found that age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.002), educational level (p = 0.007) and duration of disease (p = 0.032) were significantly associated with poor knowledge of diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsKnowledge of diabetes mellitus among type 2 diabetic patients seen at our setting was poor. Areas of deficiency and factors associated with knowledge of diabetes were identified. Our findings suggest the need for a health education intervention programme for our diabetic patients.

Background: Diabetes is a serious chronic disease. Uncontrolled diabetes and poor diabetic patients' knowledge can lead to a high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on improvement of diabetic patient's health information, treatment adherence and glycemic control. Method: A quasi-experimental research design (pre posttest) was utilized on 72 diabetic patients at Minia University and general hospitals. A Structured Interview questionnaire about diabetic knowledge and treatment adherence. Glucose monitoring parameter (Glycated Hemoglobin & Random Blood Sugar),was monitored. Results: There was a highly a significant improvement in diabetic patients knowledge, treatment adherence and glycemic control post 1st and 2nd follow than pre application of teaching program. Conclusion: The diabetic teaching program would improve patient's knowledge about disease, treatment adherence and glycemic control. Recommendations: Nurses should emphasis to provide an teaching program tailored to each diabetic patient and increase their awareness about the importance of diabetic education to improve glycemic control.

Non-adherence to dietary guidelines is a significant challenge in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications. Its consequences were significantly associated with a deterioration in patients' quality of life and an increased socioeconomic burden on healthcare delivery systems. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence to recommended diet and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up care at Adama Hospital Medical College Oromia, Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires. The perceived dietary adherence questionnaire was used to assess the level of dietary adherence. A simple binary logistic regression was used to identify candidate variables, while a multivariable logistic regression assessed factors associated with adherence to the recommended diet. A p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. All analyses were performed using SPSS and R programming software. A total of 405 participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 96.2%. The magnitude of non-adherence to the recommended diet was 64.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.8, 68.6). In the multivariable logistic regression model, patients with low and middle income (AOR = 8.0; 95% CI: 3.4, 19.2) and (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) respectively, high glycemic level (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.94), food insecure (AOR = 12.7; 95% CI: 5.79, 28.2), poor diabetic knowledge (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) and low perceived susceptibility (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.62, 5.45) were significantly associated factors for non-adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. This study revealed that approximately two-thirds of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experienced non-adherence to the recommended diet. Key factors linked to dietary non-adherence among T2DM patients include low to middle income, elevated glycemic levels, household food insecurity, limited diabetes knowledge, and low perceived susceptibility. An integrated approach that combines socioeconomic support, nutritional guidance, and risk awareness may greatly enhance dietary adherence and optimize diabetes management.

Background/Aims An increasing prevalence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus has been recorded in developing countries including Nigeria, yet it is largely a preventable condition. There is a lack of literature on the perception of risk and prevention of gestational diabetes among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine perception of risk and knowledge of preventative measures among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. This will inform health professionals on possible improvements to the education available on diabetes and preventive measures. Methods A descriptive survey was used to study 182 purposively selected pregnant women. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on participants' knowledge of diabetes and their perception of the risk of developing diabetes. The chi-squared test was used to test the association between knowledge of diabetes and perception of risk. Results The majority (56%) of participants had poor knowledge of gestational diabetes. The majority (55.5%) of respondents thought themselves to be at low risk of developing gestational diabetes. The majority (59.9%) of pregnant women also had poor knowledge of preventive measures against gestational diabetes. There was a significant association between knowledge of gestational diabetes and perception of increased risk (P&lt;0.000). There was a significant association between education level and knowledge of preventive measures for gestational diabetes (P=0.030). Conclusions There is poor knowledge of diabetes and preventive measures against it among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. Health professionals should improve women's knowledge of gestational diabetes, predisposing factors, risks and preventive measures against gestational diabetes by including education on this subject in the antenatal education provided.

Medication adherence among geriatric diabetic patients is influenced by various factors, including diabetes knowledge and treatment satisfaction. Understanding these relationships is crucial for improving adherence and health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 diabetic patients aged 60 and above at outpatient clinics of a Malaysian teaching hospital. Interviews were conducted for each participant using a set of questionnaires that included a sociodemographic form, 20 questions from the simplified Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT), 11 questions from the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-II), and 12 questions from the Malaysia Medication Adherence Assessment Tool (MyMAAT). Participants demonstrated moderate diabetes knowledge [median = 6.67(6.00-7.78)] and high medication adherence [73%]. Diabetes knowledge was significantly associated with age [70-79years: p = 0.012, above 80: p = 0.007], educational status [high school: p = 0.007, college/university: p < 0.001], and medication type [the presence of insulin in the regimen: p = 0.009]. A significant relationship was found between diabetes knowledge and treatment satisfaction [p < .001] and medication adherence [p = 0.004]. Each one-unit increase in diabetes knowledge was associated with a 34.2% decrease in the odds of nonadherence (OR = 0.658, 95% CI: 0.494-0.876, p = 0.004). Factors like gender [female: p = 0.014], occupational status [retired/ unemployed: p = 0.022], and type of diabetes medications [p < .001] influenced treatment satisfaction, while education [high school: p = 0.004] and global satisfaction [p = 0.009] affected adherence. Geriatric diabetic patients demonstrated inadequate knowledge about diabetes, and this limited knowledge was significantly associated with lower treatment satisfaction and poorer medication adherence.

Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Ethiopia. To the best of our knowledge, the impact of diabetes knowledge on glycemic control in Ethiopia has not been documented. This study assessed diabetes knowledge and its relationship with glycemic control among Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 380 patients diagnosed with T2DM who were receiving care at two hospitals in Debre Berhan from January 1 to March 30, 2024. Patients' knowledge was assessed using the modified Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-18), categorizing outcomes as either good or poor. Glycemic control was evaluated using hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of poor diabetes knowledge. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between knowledge and glycemic control. Among the 380 participants, 75.2% were older than 45 years, and 51.3% were male. Overall, 62.4% of participants had poor knowledge of diabetes. Additionally, 72.6% had poor glycemic control, with HbA1C levels ≥7%. The mean average diabetes knowledge score was 7.9 (SD = 3.49) out of 18, and the median HbA1C was 8%. Diabetes knowledge was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with patients' educational level, occupation, family history of diabetes, and glycemic control. The Spearman correlation coefficient between HbA1C and diabetes knowledge scores was -0.166 (p = 0.001), suggesting a weak but statistically significant inverse relationship between knowledge scores and HbA1C levels. The study found that the majority of patients had a low level of diabetes knowledge. Enhancing diabetes education and identifying additional factors that influence glycemic control are crucial for achieving optimal diabetes management in Ethiopia. Public health initiatives should prioritize enhancing diabetes knowledge through targeted educational programs and resources to support effective diabetes management and achieve optimal glycemic control.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an emerging metabolic disorder of the 21st century and has continued to attract the attention of health practitioners, as it continues to decrease the efficiency of its victims without any promise of change in the near or far future if more is not done to avert the progressing chronic condition.&#x0D; Aim: To determine the attitudinal disposition and management perception among diabetics Mellitus patients in selected hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria.&#x0D; Study Design: The study was a cross sectional survey design guided by a behavioral theory.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: using purposive sampling, the study was carried out among diabetic patient attending University College Hospital, Ring-Road State Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State. &#x0D; Materials and Methodology: A systematic random sampling was used to select 600 out of 2,115 diabetes patients receiving treatment at University College Hospital, Ring-Road State Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection on respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, attitudinal disposition and management perception. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.&#x0D; Results: Mean age of the respondents was 63.9 ± 8.6 years, 75.3% were married and 62.7% were females. Majority (94.0%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards compliance with management of DM. Majority (91.5%) were of the attitude that it is not necessary for people living with DM to do regular exercise as exercise will not make them to breakdown and 97.0% were of the attitude that diabetic patients cannot take any amount of alcohol beverages he/she wants. Respondents’ mean perception score was 21.8 ± 4.8 and 69.2% had a positive perception to management of DM. most (69.2%) of the respondents were of the perception that DM is a lifelong disease and can only be controlled but cannot be cured.&#x0D; Conclusion: Many of the respondents had appropriate perceptions needed to cope with the disease. However, the positive attitude sustenance demonstrated by the respondent should be promoted if compliance with the management of DM must be ensured.

Diabetes knowledge among Greek Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Diabetes knowledge among Greek Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Adherence to lifestyle modification recommendations plays a significant role in the management of diabetes mellitus, which commonly affects elderly groups. Low or nonadherence to dietary and physical activity recommendations is a major problem that retrogresses efforts invested in diabetes care and management. This subject is underexplored in Kenya, with no existing study conducted in Kericho County. The study is aimed at bridging the existing compliance gap through assessment of dietary and physical activity adherence among Type 2 diabetes patients aged 40+ years in Kericho County, Kenya. A hospital‐based cross‐sectional study involving 207 type 2 diabetes patients at Kericho County Referral Hospital using a pretested and structured interviewer‐administered questionnaire was conducted. Validated and customized perceived dietary adherence questionnaire (PDAQ) and global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) were utilized. Data on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, and diet and exercise were collected from selected respondents through systematic random sampling technique. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing adherence, with significance set at < 0.05. Results showed that 51.7% and 35.3% of the respondents were adherent to recommended dietary and physical activity, respectively. Being aged ≥ 70 years (AOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.01–4.87, p = 0.02), postprimary education (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.39–5.28, p = 0.02), absence of comorbidities (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.33–1.08, p = 0.01), and absence of complications (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.32–1.96, p = 0.03) had higher likelihood of adherence to dietary recommendations. Unmarried patients (AOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07–0.68, p = 0.008) and lack of family support (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31–0.91, p = 0.01) were significantly associated with lower adherence to dietary recommendations. Higher odds of physical activity adherence were associated with postprimary education (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.27–3.18, p = 0.03) and diabetes duration of > 10 years (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03–2.13, p = 0.04), while lower among patients aged ≥ 70 years (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.29–0.87, p = 0.02) and lacked family support (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.37–0.85, p = 0.04). These findings underscore urgent need for targeted and context‐specific tailored health education, promotion of family support and involvement, and designing of individualized lifestyle modification plan that integrated functional disparities for sustainable adherence and improved diabetes outcomes.

BackgroundEven though adherence to dietary counselling for patients with diabetes is essential for improving health and preventing complications, access to an adequate and quality diet is challenging for patients living in a food-insecure household. The availability of data in this regard is limited in Ethiopia. Thus, this study assessed the food security status of patients with type 2 diabetes, their adherence to dietary counselling, and contributing factors at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsThis was a facility-based cross-sectional study among 602 patients with Type 2 diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from July to August 2019. Patients were selected randomly after the total number of samples was proportionally allocated to four public hospitals. Relevant information was collected by trained data collectors using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 24 for data analysis. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with adherence to dietary counselling.ResultThe proportion of nonadherence to dietary counselling among patients with type 2 diabetes was 67.3% (95%CI: 63.5%-71.1%). Nearly half (50.7%) of the respondents were food insecure. Of these, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure, and severely food insecure were 8.5%, 29.2%, and 13%, respectively. Physical activity (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1–2.9); diabetes knowledge (AOR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.2–2.6); lack of access to information (AOR = 1.6; 95%CI: 1.1–2.6); moderately food insecure (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI: 1.3–3.7); and severely food insecure (AOR = 5.6; 95%CI: 2.1–15.0) were the major significant factors associated with nonadherence to dietary counselling.ConclusionOver two-thirds of patients with diabetes did not adhere to dietary counselling, which appears high. As a result, improving diabetes education, information access, and food security status should be considered to ensure dietary counselling adherence among type 2 diabetes patients.

The main concern in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) management is to control the glycaemic level and thus prevent complications by behavioural modifications as a part of the government’s national strategic plan. The patient should know about the disease for behavioural modification to be implemented. Thus, this study evaluated the level of knowledge among T2DM patients in primary healthcare in the West Coast Division of Sabah. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 involving 15 primary healthcare clinics. A validated Malaysian version of the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (MDKT) questionnaire was used to assess patients’ diabetes knowledge. The mean age of 369 patients is 54.9 years old (SD = 11.04). The means of knowledge scores were significantly different among the age group, education level, and employment status. No significant differences in knowledge were found in the group regarding the duration of diabetes and glycaemic control. Of 369 diabetic patients, 26.3% had poor knowledge, 65.0% had adequate knowledge, and only 8.7% had good knowledge. Overall, patients with T2DM in primary healthcare clinics have adequate knowledge regarding diabetes. Our study’s findings indicate that patients’ knowledge is associated with age group, level of education, and employment status. Healthcare providers should plan a good strategy to educate their patients based on these differences.

The main concern in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) management is to control the glycaemic level and thus prevent complications by behavioural modifications as a part of the government’s national strategic plan. The patient should know about the disease for behavioural modification to be implemented. Thus, this study evaluated the level of knowledge among T2DM patients in primary healthcare in the West Coast Division of Sabah. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 involving 15 primary healthcare clinics. A validated Malaysian version of the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (MDKT) questionnaire was used to assess patients’ diabetes knowledge. The mean age of 369 patients is 54.9 years old (SD = 11.04). The means of knowledge scores were significantly different among the age group, education level, and employment status. No significant differences in knowledge were found in the group regarding the duration of diabetes and glycaemic control. Of 369 diabetic patients, 26.3% had poor knowledge, 65.0% had adequate knowledge, and only 8.7% had good knowledge. Overall, patients with T2DM in primary healthcare clinics have adequate knowledge regarding diabetes. Our study’s findings indicate that patients’ knowledge is associated with age group, level of education, and employment status. Healthcare providers should plan a good strategy to educate their patients based on these differences.

BackgroundDiabetes and arterial hypertension are the two most common types of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) impacting people globally. There is no prior research on the Syrian population’s knowledge and treatment of hypertension and diabetes. It is crucial to investigate how the Syrian public understands and perceives these disorders in order to address the increased incidence and prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. This research intends to assess the level of hypertension and diabetes-related awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practices among Syrian individuals.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted online between 1 August and 25 August 2022. The questionnaire for the study was developed based on previous research, and the inclusion criteria for the sample were Syrian residents older than 18 who presently live in Syria. The survey consisted four sections: sociodemographics information, WHO STEPS survey instrument on knowledge of and lifestyle determinants for hypertension and diabetes, respondents’ knowledge of and comprehension of hypertension and diabetes, and respondents’ awareness of these disorders.ResultsAmong 976 participants, 65.8% were females. the most common causes for hypertension from the perspective of participants were (90.1%) for stress, (87%) High salt consumption, (82.1%) genetics, (78.2%) old age, (78%) obesity (69%) anxiety, and (38.6%) for drug usage. Primary and middle school educational status participants had greater hypertension knowledge (92.3%) than other educational levels. There was a statistical significant difference between the knowledge toward the hypertension and the drinking alcohol, which the nonalcoholic knowledgeable persons were the most common (819 / 976)(P < 0.05). Participants whose lifestyles did not include alcohol use had a higher hypertension knowledge level (90.3%). Participants who do not consume alcohol have shown better hypertension knowledge (90.3%) than those who do (81.9%). Almost age groups have shown good knowledge of diabetes, especially participants aged above 55 (93.8%). However, most individuals have examined blood pressure (82.3%), whereas fewer than half had screened for blood sugar (64.4%). About 82.2% of individuals check their blood pressure frequently, whereas 6.2% monitor their blood sugar. There were significant associations between hypertension knowledge and gender, education, employment, and economic position (P value < 0.05). Men (mean = 8.39, SD = 2.02, P-value < 0.05) have a higher hypertension knowledge than females, and knowledge of hypertension among participants was shown to be higher among those in good income status than other economic levels (mean = 8.34, SD = 1.98). Age, gender, education, employment, and marital status were all associated with diabetes knowledge. Participants between the ages of 40 and 55 showed better knowledge of diabetes compared to other age groups (mean = 11.32, SD = 2.54); also, men demonstrated greater knowledge of diabetes than females (mean = 10.76, SD = 2.79).ConclusionWe indicated that the Syrian population has a good to moderate understanding of hypertension and diabetes. However, there is still a shortage of standardized, regular screening practices. Since individuals remain involved in unhealthy lifestyle habits, it is vital to provide accurate information about hypertension and diabetes to encourage them to make healthy changes.

Background: Poor patient knowledge of recommended diabetic self-care practices is a major barrier toward attainment of good glycemic control and prevention of diabetic complications. Materials and Methods: We assessed the knowledge of diabetes self-care practices through a short 7-item pretested questionnaire among diabetes mellitus patients attending special clinics in three government hospitals. Results: The average diabetes knowledge score attained by the patients was 3.79 ± 1.77 (maximum score = 7). Lifetime treatment requirement for diabetes mellitus, plasma glucose levels for good glycemic control, and symptoms of hypoglycemia were correctly reported by 89%, 74%, and 38.5% of the patients, respectively. Low educational status and female gender were significantly associated with poor knowledge of diabetes (P Conclusion: Knowledge of diabetes in patients attending government hospitals in India is low. Future studies should explore low-cost health education interventions feasible in the Indian health-care context for improving patient knowledge of diabetes.