Abstract
BackgroundCaffeine is the most widely used stimulant in the world. Previous studies have shown that caffeine can enhance cognitive functioning.ObjectiveTo measure developmental and gender difference in cognitive responses to caffeine in children and adolescents.MethodsPre‐ and post‐pubertal children were given a cognitive test battery using the Automated Neurological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) before and 60 minutes after administration of placebo or caffeine (1mg/kg or 2mg/kg).ResultsCaffeine increased the number correct in the memory search task and decreased the standard deviation in the go/no‐go task. Females had more correct responses than males in simple reaction time and the Stroop color‐word task. Also in post‐pubertal females, there was an interaction between menstrual cycle phase and caffeine treatment in simple reaction time and the go/no‐go task.ConclusionsThese results are consistent with previous studies, primarily in adults, showing caffeine facilitates performance on some cognitive tasks and not others. In addition, these results are similar to previous studies showing sex differences on performance on some cognitive tasks. This study is the first to report sex differences in responses to caffeine on cognitive tasks as well as differences across the menstrual cycle in children and adolescents. This study was funded by RO1DA030386 to JLT.
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