Development of Teaching Material Based on Problem Based Learning Integrated Critical Thinking Skills (A Preliminary Study)

This study aims to: (1) differences in students' mathematical mathematical communication skills and self-efficacy between students who were given an Open Ended Learning Approach with a Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach; (2) the interaction between KAM and the Open Ended Learning Approach and Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach on Mathematical Communication skills; (3) the difference in Self Efficacy between students who were given an Open Ended Learning Approach and a Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach; and (4) the interaction between KAM and the Open Ended Learning Approach and Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach on Self Efficacy. This research is a quasi-experimental research. The research population was all students of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Stabat, Academic Year 2021/2022 with a sample of class VIII A who was given an Open-Ended Learning Approach and class VIII B who was given a Contextual Teaching and Learning approach. Each class consists of 32 students. The research instrument used was a student's Mathematical Communication ability test and a Self-Efficacy questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance (ANAVA). The results of the study indicate that: (1) There are differences in students' Mathematical Communication abilities who are given learning with the Open Ended Learning Approach and Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach; (2) There is no interaction between the learning model and early mathematics skills on students' Mathematical Communication abilities; (3) There is a difference in Self Efficacy between students who are given an Open Ended Learning Approach and a Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach; (4) There is no interaction between the learning model and the initial ability of mathematics on Self Efficacy. Keywords: Mathematical Communication, Self Efficacy, Open-Ended Approach, Contextual Approach DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-7-03 Publication date: March 31 st 2022

This study aims to develop teaching materials in the form of modules based on a contextual teaching and learning approach that is valid to use. This study uses the stages of Research and Development that adapts the 4D model which is Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination. The instrument used is a questionnaire validation of teaching materials for material experts, linguists and design experts. The result of developing teaching materials using contextual teaching and learning is the existence of integrated thematic teaching materials by linking Indonesian subjects, Natural Sciences, and has gone through the validation process of material experts, linguists and design experts. Based on the results of the validation of teaching materials using a contextual teaching and learning approach, it is stated that the teaching materials in the form of this module are categorized as valid with the level of validity by the material expert validator of 3.71, the design expert validator of 3.50 and the linguist validator of 3.85 with a very valid category. the results of the assessment of teaching materials in the form of modules using a contextual teaching and learning approach were stated to be very good.

This research is a pre-experimental study involving an experimental class which aims to determine the effectiveness of learning through the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Approach in learning mathematics in class VII students of Al Hikmah Integrated Islamic Middle School, Pangkep Regency, 2021/2022 academic year. While the effectiveness of learning is viewed from three aspects, namely: the implementation of learning, classical learning completeness, student activity, and student responses. A learning is said to be effective if at least three of the four aspects above are met, provided that aspects of student activity and classical learning mastery are met. Student scores after learning mathematics through the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach have achieved classical mastery. The average positive student activity is 85.7% and 12.5% negative, this indicates that student activity in learning mathematics through the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach can be said to be active. Student responses to learning the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach can be said to be in accordance with the standards set, namely exceeding 75% of students who gave a positive response. Based on the results of descriptive and inferential analysis, it shows that student learning outcomes before learning the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach are smaller than student learning outcomes after learning the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach, thus learning mathematics through the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach is effectively used on the subject of Algebra in class students VII Al Hikmah Integrated Islamic Middle School, Pangkep Regency.

This research is a development research which aims to develop textbooks with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach to teach the creative thinking skills of Pancasila and Citizenship Education for elementary school students. To achieve the research objectives, Lee & Owens development research was carried out using the ADDIE model which includes analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. In accordance with the product development research criteria, it must meet the criteria of validity, practicality and effectiveness. In this paper, a discussion will be carried out regarding the effectiveness of research products whose process is lifted from the evaluation stage of the research activities carried out. The research subjects were 26 students of Class V SD Negeri 200106 Padangsidimpuan. The object is Teaching Material Products that meet the effectiveness criteria. The product development evaluation stage design uses a one group pretest posttest design. Research instruments include Observation Sheets and Tests. Research conducted shows the application of learning to obtain a score of 3.47 which is in the effective category. Achievement of students' creative thinking abilities with a significance value of 0.01 which is smaller than 0.05 and an N-gain of 0.47 which indicates the product being developed is in the medium category. Thus it is concluded that civics education teaching materials with a contextual teaching and learning approach to teach elementary school students' creative thinking skills are effective. Teaching materials with a contextual teaching and learning approach are very supportive in giving directions to students to provide diverse and varied answers as well as unique answers. Besides that, it is found in active student learning, enthusiastic and enthusiastic in participating in the learning process.

The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of physics learning tools using the Problem-Based Learning model with the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on the material of elasticity and Hooke's law. The research was conducted at Muhammadiyah Batudaa High School, and the research sample used was class XI IPA1 using simple random sampling technique. This development research uses Research and Development (R&D) research with the ADDIE development model developed by Reiser and Mollenda which consists of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation stages. The results of the study show that the validation of the entire learning device is stated to be very valid. The practicality of learning devices is determined by the average percentage of the implementation of learning carried out during two meetings reaching 97.61% with very good criteria, then for teacher and student responses through questionnaires give positive responses. The effectiveness of learning devices is seen through student activity data which obtains an average percentage of 90.30% obtained very good criteria and student learning outcomes data on elasticity and Hooke's law show an increase in the N-gain value of 0.74 included in the high N-gain criteria. This study concludes that physics learning tools that use the Problem-Based Learning model with a Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on elasticity and Hooke's law are included in the valid, practical and effective criteria to be applied in the learning process in class.

Self esteem is important in learning mathematics. Self esteem is a part of self-concept that involves students in evaluation and self-assessment. But in fact in mathematics learning, there are still students who have not looked at themselves positively so resulting in students having low self esteem or lack of self confidence. Low self-esteem or lack of self-confidence can be caused by negative experiences that they had before when they studied mathematics. Whereas, self esteem has a positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes of students. There are studies that show a positive correlation between self esteem and mathematics learning achievement. Then the question is: what can a math teacher do to help students develop their self esteem? One of possible way, teachers can help students to develop their self-esteem is by applying contextual teaching and learning approach. Contextual teaching and learning approach is learning that connecting learning subject matter with everyday life. This article will discuss how to develop students’ self esteem in mathematics learning through contextual learning approach.

This research aimed to find out improvement the students’ ability in wiriting recount text through contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach at the second grade student of XI Social Science 1 of SMA DHI MAPILLI in academic year of 2018/2019. The method of this research was A Classroom Action Research that consisted of two cycles. One cycle consisted of three meetings. It means that there were six meetings for two cycles. This classroom action research was done at the second grade student of SMA DHI MAPILLI. The subject of this research was XI Socisl Science 1 class in academic year of 2018/2019 by using contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach. It consisted of 30 students. The implementiation of this research was giving the improvement for the result of the students’ ability in writing recount text through contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach and the teacher activities in teaching and learning process. The mean scores of writing recount text in the first cycle was 64.13, and after revision in the second cycle, the mean scores became 75.83. the improvement of students’ ability to write recount text through Contextual Teaching and learning (CTL) approach is presenting recount text material at XI Social Science 1 class of SMA DHI MAPILLI. Improves the students’ ability significantly. The mean scores in cycle II is greater than the mean score of test in cycle I (75.83>64.13). the implementation of Contextual Rteaching and Learning (CTL) approach can make the students more active and enthusiast in learning process.

school physics teaching materials problem-oriented topics fluid wetlands through approach Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) has not been optimally used in SMA PGRI 4 Banjarmasin. This adversely affects the learning outcomes. Therefore research material development through an approach Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) which aims to develop teaching materials such as lesson plans, worksheets, THB, and material teaching approach Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL). The specific objective of the research to result in: (1) the validity of teaching materials school physics problem-oriented topics fluid wetlands through Contextual Teaching And Learning approach; (2) the practicality of teaching materials school physics problem-oriented topics fluid wetlands through Contextual Teaching And Learning approach, and (3) the effectiveness of teaching materials-oriented high school physics topics fluid wetland problem through an approach Contextual Teaching And Learning. Development of research methods to the design of Dick and Carey. Data obtained through the instrument validation sheet materials, instruments keterlaksanaan RPP observation sheets, and test. The results showed that: (1) teaching materials declared invalid by the high category. (2) teaching materials developed otherwise practical with very good category. (3) teaching materials developed that was declared effective in the high category. Research concluded that high school physics teaching materials problem-oriented topics fluid wetlands through approach Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) is declared unfit for use.

This article aims to: (1) develop digital-based teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning approach; (2) testing the effectiveness of using digital teaching materials for fiqh subjects with a Contextual Teaching and Learning approach to improve the learning outcomes of class VII students at SMP Diponegoro Depok, Sleman Regency. This article uses an R&D research design with the ADDIE model. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews, questionnaires, tests and observations. Data analysis by t-test (one-group pretest-posttest) and N-gain. Results The development of flipbook teaching materials for Jurisprudence subjects based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) focused on taharah material for class VII packaged in digital form using the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker application. Flipbook teaching materials are equipped with features, namely being able to read the yellow book (Arabic Pegon), technological skills, HOTS-based questions, QR Code-based links for deepening material, habituation, exemplary stories, mind mapping and summaries. Flipbook teaching materials for Jurisprudence subjects based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) have been able to improve student learning outcomes on the Thaharah material. The results of the N-Gain calculation obtained from the comparison of the average pretest and posttest values ​​of 0.59 or 59% are in the category of quite effective for improving student learning outcomes in Fiqh learning.

The purpose of this research was to know whether contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach could improve students’ mathematical problem solving ability (SMPSA) in eighth grade of SMP Negeri 1 Binjai. The type of this research was Classroom Action Research. The subject of this research was students in class VIII-9 which consisted of 20 students. The object was SMPSA on cube and cuboid topic in eighth grade of SMP Negeri 1 Binjai Academic Year 2015/2016.This study consisted of two cycles. Each cycle had two meetings. SMPSA was tested in the end of cycle. Instrument used to collect data in this research were test and observation sheet. After giving a treatment to students, in the first cycle, the average score of their mathematical problem solving ability was 2.30. Ten of 20 students (50%) obtained score ³ 2.67. The average score of teacher’s activities in observation sheet was 2.66, which classified as good category. The average score of students’ activities in observation sheet was 2.55, which classified as good category. In the second cycle, the average score of mathematical problem solving ability was increased became 3.05 with 18 students (90%) obtained score ³ 2.67. The average score of teacher’s activities in observation sheet was 3.44, which classified as very good category. The average score of students’ activities in observation sheet was 3.22, which classified as very good category. From the result of research, it can be concluded that the implementation of contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach can improve students’ problem solving ability. The suggestion that given for teachers is to be able to implement contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach as an alternative in learning process that can improve problem solving ability.Keywords : Contextual Learning, Mathematical Problem solving Ability

This article discusses the analysis of the results of the validation of physics teaching materials based on a problem-based learning model using the CTL approach to improve students' critical thinking skills. The validation was carried out by three experts at Padang State University. The experts are one language lecturer and two physics lecturers. The validation of teaching materials was carried out to know the validity and feasibility of teaching materials used to improve students' critical thinking skills in schools. This research is development research that aims to develop products in the form of physics teaching materials. The instrument used in this study was the validation sheet for teaching materials. The aspects assessed on the Physics teaching material validation sheet instrument are the components of teaching materials, the feasibility of the content of teaching materials, construction of teaching materials, the language of teaching materials, and the graphic of teaching materials. This research uses descriptive statistical methods. The stages in this research are prepared in the form of designing and developing validation instruments, implementing in the form of collecting validation data, and completing the form of data analysis reports. The data analysis in this study used Aiken's V. formula. This formula consists of two categories, namely valid and invalid. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that the teaching materials are in the Valid category and can be used in the field.

Teaching materials are a set of subject matter that is arranged systematically displaying the integrity of the competencies that will be mastered by students in learning activities. Teaching materials can help teachers in delivering learning materials, so that learning objectives can be achieved. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a sample of 32 people. The instruments used are questionnaires and test questions. The data analysis technique used uses simple linear regression analysis by first conducting a pre-requisite analysis test, namely the data normality test and the data homogeneity test. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that there is a significant influence on the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal Katapang students. The influence of the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal Katapang students, West Seram Regency, is 59.20% and the remaining 40.80% is influenced by other factors.

Teaching materials are a set of subject matter that is arranged systematically displaying the integrity of the competencies that will be mastered by students in learning activities. Teaching materials can help teachers in delivering learning materials, so that learning objectives can be achieved. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a sample of 32 people. The instruments used are questionnaires and test questions. The data analysis technique used uses simple linear regression analysis by first conducting a pre-requisite analysis test, namely the data normality test and the data homogeneity test. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that there is a significant influence on the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal Katapang students. The influence of the use of biology teaching materials with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on ecosystem materials on the learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Al-Hilaal Katapang students, West Seram Regency, is 59.20% and the remaining 40.80% is influenced by other factors.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach with modeling on the mastery of accounting concepts in class XII MA MA NW Keruak. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research method that provides treatment to the experimental group, considering that the data in this study do not exist properly, it is necessary to carry out an experiment or treatment to bring up the data. The population in this study were all students of class XII MA NW Keruak with a total sample of 54 students consisting of 2 classes where the experimental class was class XIIa, totaling 29 students, class XIIa. As for the control class, there were 26 students in class XIIb. Data collection techniques using questionnaires/tests, observation and documentation. The results showed that the ability to understand accounting concepts using the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach was higher than mastering accounting concepts without using the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach with modeling as seen from the average score obtained by students. In this study, the results of the analysis showed that the experimental group achieved a higher average score than the control group. This shows that the use of the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach has a positive and significant effect on the mastery of accounting concepts in class XII MA NW Keruak with the rejection rate limit being below or smaller than the t count or 6.28> 2.08 which means shows that there is a significant influence on the mastery of accounting concepts by using a contextual teaching and learning approach.

This study aims to determine the application of early childhood scientific literacy development using one approach, namely the contextual teaching and learning approach. In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques used were observation of children and teachers, interviews, and documentation. The data source was obtained from school data in the form of a list of group B children, the results of observations of children carried out by observing and interviewing group B children and group B teachers and the principal of Tk Al-Ihsan Omben in learning scientific literacy using the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach. The research location is Tk Al-Ihsan, Jl. Jokotole, Omben Village, Omben District, Sampang Regency. The results of the research that has been carried out by researchers in the group b tk al-ihsan, Omben village, Omben sub-district, Sampang district. In conclusion, scientific literacy learning activities with a contextual approach make it easier for children to learn. The results of the study show that using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach in learning scientific literacy is more fun and quickly understood, and cannot be separated from providing an adequate learning climate, as well as learning infrastructure that supports children in carrying out the learning process. One of the approaches used in Al-Ihsan Omben Kindergarten is through the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach which, if used, is very appropriate and effective for application to science learning for children in group B of Al-Ihsan Omben Kindergarten, because this approach helps teachers Associating the science material being taught with real-world situations for children, so that it will make learning fun and not boring