Development of Semut Island Ecotourism in Limbungan Village, Pekanbaru City: Pentahelix Model Approach

The research is centred on rural tourism and its socio-economic effects on the local community of Hlabisa located adjacent to the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, investigating and disclosing the socio-economic conditions, tourism activities, rural tourism models/ strategies, community participation and challenges faced by the local community and businesses in the area. The socio-economic conditions include employment, income, education, quality of life and other relevant infrastructure contributed by rural tourism to the local economy of Hlabisa. According to Ivanovic et al. (2009) rural tourism can develop rural economies by providing new economic activities and employment. The research was guided by five research objectives: (1) To determine the socio economic well-being of the local community of Hlabisa, i.e. employment, income, skills development, entrepreneurial opportunities; (2) To determine level of tourism development and the nature of tourism activities taking place in the Hlabisa area; (3)To determine the level of community participation and representation on tourism activities taking in Hlabisa; (4) To ascertain rural tourism strategies / rural tourism models in place to empower the local community of Hlabisa socially and economically? (5) To ascertain the challenges / obstructions faced by the rural community and tourism entrepreneurs of Hlabisa? The research problem of the study seeks to investigate the extent to which the wellbeing of the local communities of Hlabisa is being empowered or changed for the better socially and economically through the game park and tourism development inter alia. The Rural Tourism Strategy (2012) states that between 10-15 million South Africans live in areas that are characterised by extreme poverty and underdevelopment. “There is limited integration of local communities and previously neglected groups into tourism, inadequate tourism education, training and awareness and lastly lack of infrastructure, particularly in rural areas” (Rural Tourism Strategy 2012). Moreover, what triggers the researcher’s curiosity is that while seeing and knowing that there is quite a number of tourism activities taking place in the study area but the extent to which those activities affect the livelihood of the surrounding rural communities economically and socially is unknown. The concept and literature were matched or tested in line with the identified themes which were as follows:  Socio-economic conditions;  Rural tourism models (strategies);  Community participation and representation in tourism;  Tourism activities; and  Challenges / obstructions faced by the local community and businesses in the area. The study was anchored around the Integrated Rural Tourism (IRT) development model “with emphasis on co-planning, learning and participation which originates from the Global North” (Saarinen and Lanao 2014). This model was relevant to this study because “it discusses key challenges of rural tourism development especially related to the integration of the tourism industry and rural communities in developing countries and overviews the applicability and conditions of the IRT framework as a potential approach for rural tourism development in the developing world” (Saxena et al. 2007). The study employed a qualitative research approach, with the following tools or instruments used to collect data i.e. questionnaires, unstructured interviews with open ended questions and focus groups. The questionnaires were analysed using the Atlas.ti 8 Data Analysis Software in order to enhance reliability by applying the rules built into the programme. The information analysed included employment, income, education, quality of life and other relevant infrastructure contributed by rural tourism to the local economy of Hlabisa. The software provided tools that helped with transcription analysis, coding and text interpretation, recursive abstraction, content analysis and discourse analysis. The outcomes from the interviews indicate that the majority of the local community respondents are happy with the economic opportunities presented by tourism development in the area. The majority of respondents indicated the community participates in tourism planning and development activities in the area. There are structures in place such as Co-management boards in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park and, Local Community Committees and Community Trust that represent communities in decision making processes in relation to tourism. However, the key challenges that emerged from the findings were that the majority of the locals employed in tourism occupied low paying positions, with grade 08-12 and no tourism qualifications. This means locals do not have the necessary qualifications and skills to qualify to be employed in Senior Management positions in the tourism establishments in the area. The lack of a tourism qualification, training and skills would prohibit locals to progress up the ranks to become managers who earn higher salaries and be in a position to make key decisions about tourism in the area. On the other hand, the small family run tourism business cited access to capital and incentives, markets access, road access, lack of training programmes, unreliable electricity and water supply among the main challenges they face in the area of Hlabisa which affects their growth and revenue. Recommendations arising from the study include but are not limited to the following: The local and district municipality, provincial and national government tourism institutions should consider providing bursaries to the youth and scaling leanership programmes in Hlabisa in order to have greater reach and impact in advancing the careers of the local people in the local tourism industry. The Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park should put in place a sound educational programme to improve the education of the local people of Hlabisa so that they can advance to high ranking positions in order to earn high income. The small businesses in the area of Hlabisa should enter into joint marketing agreements with one another, travel trade, destination marketing organisations in order to increase tourist volume and revenue but also to meet tourist demand in the interim. In addition, the local, provincial and national tourism institutions should put in place sound tourism dedicated incentives and capital to assist small tourism business businesses to grow and expand their businesses to enable these small tourism businesses to employ more local people and pay them high income

The tourism sector has become a development sector that has really developed in recent years. Tourism development has three dimensions of development, namely government, academics and entrepreneurs, but this model is modified into five dimensions, namely government as regulator, academics as conceptualizer, tourism business as investor, community working in the tourism sector as accelerator and media as catalyst. These five dimensions are called the pentahelix model. Through this model, it is hoped that the tourism sector can contribute to the community's economy through an empowerment process. So this research aims firstly, to explore tourism development using the pentahelix model, secondly, to design community empowerment using tourism development using the pentahelix model. This goal was achieved with a qualitative approach, a type of case study on Ijen Geopark Bondowoso tourism. This location is one of the biggest tourist attractions in Bondowoso. Data was collected by means of observation, interviews, documentation and FGD. Data were analyzed using descriptive and interpretive techniques and the validity of the data was tested using triangulation of sources and techniques. This research results, firstly, tourism developed using the pentahelix model is more successful than that developed using the triple helix model, because the dimensions used are more comprehensive, secondly, the community empowerment design through the pentahelix model is comprehensive and can absorb a high level of participation in tourism development. Thus, people's income has increased and unemployment has decreased in the Ijen Geopark tourist area because the community participates in tourism development. So, this pentahelix model can be used in designing sustainable community empowerment.

The aim of this research is to determine the potential of culinary tourism in development of sharia tourism at Pekanbaru city. The subject of this research is culinary tourism in Pekanbaru city, while the object is the potential of culinary tourism in Pekanbaru city. The sampling technique employs simple random sampling, while data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis used descriptive method and SWOT Analysis where the calculation process uses IFAS, EFAS, and IE matrices. The result of this research found that there is a positive influence on potency of culinary tourism in development of sharia tourism at Pekanbaru City. It can be seen from the metric IFAS value is 3.25, while the result of metric EFAS value is 2.82. Based on the IFAS and EFAS matrices, the final result in the IE matrix shows that there is a significant potential in the cell. In general, it can be concluded that the potential for culinary tourism in development of sharia tourism at Pekanbaru city has good potential.

The development of the halal tourism industry in Indonesia has increased in recent years. It is along with the support of the central government and also some local governments. Bukittinggi City in the Province of West Sumatra is a tourist city that has the potential to develop halal tourism. This study examines the model of managing Halal Tourism in the Bukittinggi City, West Sumatra Province, with the Penta Helix model that must involve various parties. The data was obtained from a questionnaire filled out by tourism policy stakeholders in the Bukittinggi City, which included business operators, local government officials, academics, religious leaders, and community leaders. The data is then processed by calculating the Priority matrix to produce alternative policies for the development of halal tourism. Collaboration between all components is very crucial. Policy priorities that must be selected and implemented by the Bukittinggi City government and all tourism people to develop halal tourism based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and SWOT analysis are a collaboration with all tourism stakeholders, increase awareness of the importance of halal products, including in the field of tourism, and overcoming the limitations of halal restaurants and sharia hotels certified by Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI). This research contributes to the development of halal tourism in other areas to remain in accordance with Islamic values but also in harmony with local customs and culture.

This study aims to examine the effect of income and locus of control on financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city with hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable. The population in this study included K-Pop fans in Pekanbaru city who fit certain criteria with a sample of 330 respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Data analysis using structural equating modeling on partial least square. The results showed that income has a positive and significant effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Locus of control has a positive and significant effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Hedonism lifestyle has a significant negative effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable weakens the positive relationship between income and financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city and is significant. While hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable weakens the positive relationship between locus of control and financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city but is not significant

This study measures the implementation process for the implementation of sustainable tourism, which generally aims to maintain ecological tourism destinations in a long time, getting feasibility economically, ethically and socially equitable for local communities.The Ministry of Tourism in Act No. 10 of 2009 explicitly pouring ideas and support in the development of sustainable tourism that is "necessary efforts to increase tourism's contribution to economic development, public welfare, strengthening of social values and culture, and environmental protection.In accordance with the definition of sustainable tourism development as stated in the Charter for Sustainable Tourism (1995) is, supported development of ecologically well as economically viable, ethically and socially equitable for society.The tourism sector has not contributed real and direct the economy of local communities in tourism destinations.The development of tourism in Indonesia should be able to increase the quality of life (particularly local), to create added value and strengthen the local culture and social values and local wisdom.The assessment will look at the main aspects that should be considered in the development of sustainable tourism.Phasing and assessment measures and methods that will be pursued are: to prepare the standards and criteria for sustainable tourism development that is intended to be applicable at the destination.This study will generally see an outline of the three phases of activity in the development of sustainable tourism which is done through the process of STD, STO and STC.This study will limit the scope of stages Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO) to get to the Sustainable Tourism Certification (STC).Sustainable Tourism Development (STD) in the study aims to maintain ecological tourism destinations in a long time, getting feasibility economically, ethically and socially equitable for local communities as well as having an output convergence meeting, coordination meetings and research meeting in these destinations.Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO), is an activity that is conducted with the cooperation between the ministries of tourism, local governments and higher education area that aims to provide recommendations for the development of sustainable tourism, both the central government, local governments, local communities and other stakeholders , The focus of this study is the implementation of the Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO) that uses the basics of votes according to the criteria of sustainable tourism for destinations.Whatever method of determining the assessment criteria consist of several parts, namely: a) sustainable management of effective management; b) maximize the economic benefits to the local community and minimize negative impacts; c) maximize the benefits to the community, visitors, and culture; minimize the negative impacts; d) to maximize the benefits to the environment and minimize negative impacts.This methodology explicitly used to design, assess, monitor, evaluate and mitigate and understand the paradigm framework of thinking in the development of sustainable tourism were planned and carried out at tourism destinations.The final results of this study provide recommendations after the criteria are met by the development of sustainable tourism for tourist destinations.The recommendations provide a reference methodological and recommendations in the field of tourism sustainability.Support capacity building on tourism stakeholders to foster participation / public participation, policy trends and the impact of tourism through the development of sustainable tourism as a standard and criteria for Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO) that can be applied in Indonesia.The application emphasizes the principles of sustainability, which refers to aspects of environmental, economic and socio-cultural development of tourism, and an appropriate balance must be established between these three dimensions to guarantee long -term sustainability.

Community-based tourism is part of sustainable tourism development. Community-based tourism involves the community as the main actor in its management and aims to increase economic and industrial activities, preserve culture, and improve the economies of local communities. This research aims to describe the pentahelix model in community-based tourism development in Situbondo Regency, East Java. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study approach. The research data were collected from observations, interviews and documentation. The research data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that community-based tourism development in Situbondo Regency has involved collaboration among actors in the pentahelix model, namely local government, academics, industry and business, the community, and mass media. The local government acts as a regulator in formulating policies related to community-based tourism management. The community, as the manager of community-based tourism, prepares institutional planning and organization and builds cooperation with academics and businesses in developing innovation, knowledge and competence in human resources and business management. The mass media play a role in the promotion and marketing of community-based tourism. However, the cooperation between the actors in the pentahelix model has not been optimal, especially with the limited involvement of industry/business and mass media. There is a need to strengthen cooperation among actors and to strengthen the institutional capacity of the community as a manager of community-based tourism.

This research was conducted in Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City with the consideration that Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City, is an area with the highest cases of dengue fever sufferers and deaths. This research was conducted from October to November 2020. The approach to this research was quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional research design by collecting data momentarily or only once at a time. The independent variable (environment) and the dependent variable (control of dengue hemorrhagic fever) were asked at the same time to respondents who are in Pekanbaru City in 2020. The population in this study are all Heads of Families (KK) in Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City, namely as many as 21,254 families, the number of samples in this study was 100 respondents. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, namely taking samples for a specific purpose based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion. Based on the results of research conducted in Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City, the researchers can conclude that there is a significant relationship between the environment and the control of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City

This research was conducted at Privat MTs “X”, Pekanbaru City in 2023. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of School Image (X1) and Location (X2) on Choosing Decisions (Y) at Privat MTs “X”, Pekanbaru City. Because the image of the school and location can influence the decision to choose a school. The population in this study was 579 who chose schools at Privat MTs “X” Pekanbaru City, then based on the help of the Slovin formula the research sample was 86 respondents. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The research results showed that: first, the results of the F test concluded that jointly/simultaneously the variables School Image (X1) and Location (X2) influenced the decision to choose Privat MTs “X” Pekanbaru City. Second, partially, the School Image variable (X1) has an influence on the decision to choose Privat MTs “X” Pekanbaru City and is proven to have a positive and significant effect. Third, partially, the location variable (X2) has a positive and significant effect on the decision to choose Privat MTs “X” Pekanbaru City. Fourth, the contribution of the influence of the School Image and Location variables to changes in the Decision to choose variable is 41.4%. while the remaining 58.6% was influenced by other variables not examined in the research

Local heritage culture is an invaluable asset. It is not just establishing an identity that distinguishes one community apart from another. The local culture has recently been recognized as a resource that can help improve the quality of life in the community. Tourism is one of the many ways to improve the quality of life for the local population while preserving the local culture. The goal of this research is to investigate how a local community uses local tourism to preserve their culture. The study is carried out in Among Budoyo, Desa Wage. One local community member who actively manages the tourist destination serves as the key informant. The study uses a qualitative approach. Direct observation and semi-structured interviews are used to collect the data. The study concludes that by enhancing the roles of human resources in fostering tourism, the local community maintains both their local culture and tourism. There are two primary methods used by local community of Desa Wage. The first is by expanding the roles and capabilities of community-based organizations to promote tourism and community development. Community-based organizations serve as a venue or channel for the local community to come together, engage, and share ideas that are beneficial. They also help to create working groups, network, collaborate with outside organizations, and start the process of empowerment. Developing the internal strength of the community is the second method. Positive attitudes, like strong commitment, initiative, perseverance, independence, and motivation, are often fostered in the local community of Desa Wage.

As something unique, local culture can be utilized in various fields, one of which is tourism. The development of the tourism industry is characterized by several things, for example there is an increase in community participation to advance the local tourism industry, and the use of the creative economy. This research itself was carried out by looking at the potential that Indonesia has in the tourism and creative economy sectors which still have great potential to be developed further while still supporting the preservation of Indonesia's local culture. The research was carried out at a location in East Sumba, because it has a natural attraction for tourism which is already worldwide, but its development so far has not been optimal. Apart from having natural potential for tourism development, Sumba also has local culture and creative economy products, such as woven fabrics. This research was conducted with the main aim of producing a model for the development of tourism and creative economy based on local culture. This research itself will focus on the use of local culture in the tourism sector and the creative economy in tourism communication studies. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach and case study method. Data was obtained through FGD and interviews with resource persons. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that East Sumba has potential in terms of tourism development, the potential is in the form of natural resources, creative economic products, local culture and infrastructure suggestions. Developing this potential must receive support from the government in the form of development and policy making that favors local communities. Apart from that, tourism development also requires the development of human resources, which therefore requires collaboration between the government and local communities.

Objective The study describes the pentahelix model in tourism development in the city of Semarang. The problem is the lack of optimal cooperation between the actors involved. Theory uses the Policy Actor Theory and the Pentahelix Model. Descriptive research type, qualitative approach. Data is collected through: interview, observation and literature. Determination of informants with Snowball technique and key informants Head of the Department of Tourism and Culture of the city of Semarang. Data analysis by means of: data condensation, data verification and conclusion drawing. Data validation uses source triangulation. From the research it can be seen: (1) tourism development in Semarang city using pentahelix model, has involved academics, government, community, business, and mass media (2) Field findings are the Semarang City Tourism Promotion Agency (BP2KS) is not optimal and (3) Cooperation between the pentahelix model actors in the city of Semarang from the results of the research is not optimal. Research recommendations: revised the tourism regulation of Semarang city concerning "collaboration between actors, strengthening the institutional capacity of BP2KS, and subsequent researchers are advised to take the focus of research with different loci or make comparisons with the same focus.

The economic activities of one region can provide abundant economic growth for other areas. This research discusses the reciprocal relationship between economic growth in Pekanbaru City and economic growth in Siak Regency, Pelalawan Regency, and Kampar Regency. Using quantitative methods and secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics was analyzed using the Two-Stage Least Square method then regressed using the Eviews 10 application. The results showed a positive and significant reciprocal relationship at ? 0.05 between Pekanbaru city GRDP and Siak Regency GRDP. Coefficients 0.9626 and 1.0890. The expected effect of GRDP of Pekanbaru City and GRDP of Pelalawan Regency with a coefficient of 3.4663 and 0.2864 at ? 0.05. Whereas Kampar Regency only has a unidirectional relationship, namely, the GRDP of Pekanbaru City has a positive and significant effect on Kampar's GRDP with a coefficient of 0.9527 at ? 0.10. Apart from being caused by geographic conditions, this reciprocal influence is caused by leading sectors, including the pulp and paper processing industry, the oil and gas mining sector, and the oil palm plantation sector, which delegate economic activities between Siak Regency and Pelalawan Regency with Pekanbaru City. Meanwhile, GRDP Pekanbaru City and GRDP Kampar Regency only provide unidirectional spillover due to the dominance of the trade and construction sector in Pekanbaru City.

This research aims to determine the influence of health awareness and product knowledge on intention to buy Lemonilo Instant Noodle products, which is mediated by attitudes in Pekanbaru City. The research was conducted on the people of Pekanbaru City who know and understand the Lemonilo Instant Noodle product by distributing questionnaires to 140 respondents as a sample. The sampling technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with Purposive Sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with Partial Least Squares (PLS) using Smart-PLS Software version 3.2.9. The research results show that health awareness and product knowledge have a significant effect on attitudes towards Lemonilo Instant Noodle products in Pekanbaru City. Health awareness, product knowledge and attitudes have a significant influence on interest in purchasing Lemonilo Instant Noodle products in Pekanbaru City. Health awareness and product knowledge have a significant effect on intention to buy Lemonilo Instant Noodle products, which is mediated by attitude in Pekanbaru City.

Abstract. The pressure of competition is so tight and market players are increasingly aggressive in seizing market share, causing MSMEs to need to improve their marketing performance. MSMEs actors must build a strong strategy through market orientation, e-commerce, and product innovation.This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of market orientation, e-commerce, and product innovation on marketing performance in the culinary sector MSMEs in Pekanbaru City. This research is a quantitative research with research sampling method that is nonprobability sampling. The sample used was 100 MSMEs in the culinary sector in Pekanbaru City with purposive sampling methods. The results of this study are market orientation variables have a positive and significant effect on marketing performance in the culinary MSMEs sector in Pekanbaru City, e-commerce have a positive but not significant effect on marketing performance in the culinary MSMEs sector in Pekanbaru City, and product innovation variables have a positive and significant effect on marketing performance in the culinary MSMEs sector in Pekanbaru City. Keywords: Market orientation, e-commerce, product innovation, marketing performance, MSMEs