Abstract
All studies of solar systems need the hourly values of solar fluxes related to the different components of solar radiation. However, for most sites, measurements are not available. The goal of this paper is to establish an hourly solar radiation data bank for the entirety of Morocco. This data bank will contain the energetic components (global, diffuse, direct, and inclined solar radiation) and the spectral components (ultraviolet I UV , infrared I IR , and photosynthetically active radiation I PAR ). To create this database, in the beginning, we build up models for predicting the various components of the hourly solar radiation, from measurements provided by the different stations owned by the Laboratory of Solar Energy and Environment (LESE). Then, these equations will be verified by using statistical tests. Moreover, we compared our results with those obtained by similar studies. Finally, based on the daily database of global radiation provided by the Laboratory of Solar Energy and Environment, we created an hourly database that unites the various components of solar radiation over 10 years for the entirety of Morocco. Regarding the validity study, the statistical indicators showed that the used models have minimal errors that do not exceed, for the global radiation, -2.93% in Rabat, -3.9% in Tangier,-3.28% in Marrakech, and -0.85% in Fez, and for diffuse radiation, -1.09% in Rabat, -0.68% in Fez,-3.08% in Tangier, and -2.49% in Marrakech. These results show the good quality of the used estimation models. Thus, the data bank that we have realized will fill the gap of the hourly solar data and will meet the needs of engineers, installers of solar systems, and researchers who often need an extensive database.
Highlights
For most practical applications of solar energy, the values of daily irradiation are insufficient, because the variations of solar irradiation during the day affect the functioning of the solar systems
In most stations, there are no hourly values; for this reason, we need methods to estimate the various components of hourly solar radiation
We can mention among them, the ASHRAE model [1] for predicting the hourly global radiation, hourly diffuse radiation, and hourly beam radiation, in terms of zenith angle, latitude, hour angle, and solar declination
Summary
For most practical applications of solar energy (habitat, thermal conversion systems, photovoltaic conversion systems), the values of daily irradiation are insufficient, because the variations of solar irradiation during the day affect the functioning of the solar systems. In the performance analysis, we need to know hourly data in the way to test the impact of the solar radiation variation on such systems. We can mention among them, the ASHRAE model [1] for predicting the hourly global radiation, hourly diffuse radiation, and hourly beam radiation, in terms of zenith angle, latitude, hour angle, and solar declination. This model was revised by Nijegorodov [2] for Botswana, Machler and Iqbal [3] for Canada, and Parishwad et al [4] for India
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