Development of Amperometric and Microgravimetric Immunosensors and Reversible Immunosensors Using Antigen and Photoisomerizable Antigen Monolayer Electrodes

Abstract

Antigen monolayers assembled onto Au-electrodes or Au-electrodes associated with quartz crystals act as active interfaces for the amperometric or microgravimetric analysis of the complementary antibody and provide the grounds for the development of electrochemical and piezoelectric immunosensors. The antigen monolayer of Ne-2,4-dinitrophenyl-l-lysine is assembled on an electrode. The anti-dinitrophenyl antibody, anti-DNP-Ab, is sensed by the antigen monolayer, and the formation of the antigen−antibody complex at the monolayer interface is probed by the insulation of the electrode toward a redox probe in the electrolyte solution. The formation of the antibody−antigen complex is amplified by the application of the anti-antibody or the use of a ferrocene-functionalized redox-enzyme, glucose oxidase, as redox probe. A 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid antigen monolayer bound to Au-electrodes associated with a quartz crystal is used as active interface for the microgravimetric, quartz-crystal-microbalance analysis of ...