Abstract
This study aimed to compare the herbicidal activity of solid formulas obtained by spray drying with conventional liquid formulas containing biomolecules produced by submerged cultivation of the fungus Diaporthe sp. in a stirred-tank bioreactor. The solid formula presented the highest phytotoxicity on plant control (96.7%) and the phytotoxicity was directly related to the concentration of fermented broth in the formula. The use of adjuvant improved the efficiency of the bioherbicide. Dry matters of treatments were lower than the control and this was correlated with an increase in oxidative stress, since the activity of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase increased in the treatment with a high level of phytotoxicity. Spray drying technology is a promising tool to concentrate bioherbicide without the loss of bioactive compounds since one of the major challenges in the production of bioherbicides is the low concentration of active ingredients in the fermented broth.
Highlights
Microorganisms produce several biomolecules with different structural and biological characteristics
The main objective of this work was to evaluate a technical strategy to obtain solid formulas containing active biomolecules produced by Diaporthe sp. by using spray drying technology
The findings demonstrate that the fungus Diaporthe sp can produce biomolecules with toxins that act as ytotoxicities afor the liquid and solid formulations were
Summary
Microorganisms produce several biomolecules with different structural and biological characteristics. In certain cases, they can cause pathogenicity in host plants, destroying their structure and causing necrotic or chlorotic lesions. They can cause pathogenicity in host plants, destroying their structure and causing necrotic or chlorotic lesions These biomolecules are secondary metabolites that can be a promising source for the production of new natural herbicides or the discovery of new molecules [1,2,3]. The scarcity of new molecules in the last decades and the increase in cases of weed resistance to current herbicides show the importance of seeking new tools for weed management. Current studies are focused on plant pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria for producing a variety of potential and often specific phytotoxins for certain plants that are capable of causing lesions, inhibiting growth, and in some cases, leading to the death of target plants [3,5,6]
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