Abstract
BackgroundThere is no standard and comprehensive questionnaire for reproductive health assessment among women shift workers. This study aimed at the development and psychometric evaluation of the Women Shift Workers’ Reproductive Health Questionnaire.MethodsThis sequential exploratory mixed-method study was conducted in a qualitative (item generation) and a quantitative (psychometric evaluation) phase. In the qualitative phase, the primary item pool of the questionnaire was generated based on the findings of the qualitative content analysis of 21 interviews held with 21 women shift workers as well as the findings of a literature review. In the quantitative phase, the face, content, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity and the reliability of the questionnaire were assessed. For construct validity assessment through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, 620 women shift workers were conveniently selected to fill out the questionnaire. Reliability assessment was done through assessing internal consistency, stability, and composite reliability.ResultsThe primary item pool contained 88 items. During face and content validity, item number was reduced to 55. Construct validity assessment through factor analysis revealed that 56.50% of the total variance was explained by five factors with 34 items. The factors were named motherhood, general health, sexual relationships, menstruation, and delivery. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the fit of the five-factor model. The Cronbach’s alpha and the composite reliability value of the questionnaire were more than 0.7.ConclusionThe Women Shift Workers’ Reproductive Health Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used for reproductive health assessment among women shift workers.
Highlights
Women’s reproductive health has a broad scope and encompasses all sensitive stages of life from birth to menopause [1]
A questionnaire was developed through interviewing 21 women shift workers selected from round-the-clock centers in Mazandaran province, Iran
Participants were 21 women shift workers recruited from round-the-clock centers in Qaemshahr, Amol, and Babol, Mazandaran province, Iran
Summary
Women’s reproductive health has a broad scope and encompasses all sensitive stages of life from birth to menopause [1]. Shift work affects different aspects of reproductive health, including reproductive system, menstruation [6], sexual relationships [7], pregnancy outcomes [8, 9], and premenopausal symptoms [10]. It alters circadian rhythm, reduces the level of melatonin hormone [11], alters the production of sex hormones, and thereby, endangers reproductive health [12]. There is no standard and comprehensive questionnaire for reproductive health assessment among women shift workers. This study aimed at the development and psychometric evaluation of the Women Shift Workers’ Reproductive Health Questionnaire
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