Development and preliminary validation of the Pressure To Lose Pregnancy-related Weight scale (PLPW) in U.S. military active-duty Service women.

ObjectiveTo determine the acceptability, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of self-efficacy, motivation and knowledge scales relating to preschoolers’ nutrition, oral health and physical activity.DesignAn online questionnaire was completed twice with an interval of between seven to eleven days.SettingOnline questionnaires were sent to participants via email from nursery managers. The parent questionnaire was also available on the parenting website www.netmums.com.Subjects82 parents and 69 nursery staff from Bristol, UK who had and worked with 2-4 year olds respectively.ResultsResponse rates were 86.3% and 86.0% and missing data 15.9% and 14.5% for the second administration of the parent and nursery staff questionnaires respectively. Weighted kappa coefficients for individual items mostly fell under the ‘Moderate’ agreement category for the parental (75.0%) and nursery staff (55.8%) items. All self-efficacy and motivation scales had acceptable levels of internal consistency (Cronbach’s α coefficients >0.7). The ICCs for the self-efficacy, motivation and knowledge scales ranged between 0.48 to 0.82. Paired t-tests found an increase between test and retest knowledge scores for the Nutrition Motivation (t = -2.91, df = 81, p = 0.00) and Knowledge (t = -3.22, df = 81, p = 0.00) scales in the parent questionnaire.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that the items and scales show good acceptability, internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

BackgroundChildhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly in developing countries. A better understanding of the risk factors and social context is necessary to inform public health interventions and policies. This paper describes the validation of several measurement scales for use in Turkey, which relate to child and parent perceptions of physical activity (PA) and enablers and barriers of physical activity in the home environment.MethodThe aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of several measurement scales in Turkey using a population sample across three socio-economic strata in the Turkish capital, Ankara. Surveys were conducted in Grade 4 children (mean age = 9.7 years for boys; 9.9 years for girls), and their parents, across 6 randomly selected schools, stratified by SES (n = 641 students, 483 parents). Construct validity of the scales was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency of scales and test-retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and intra-class correlation.ResultsThe scales as a whole were found to have acceptable-to-good model fit statistics (PA Barriers: RMSEA = 0.076, SRMR = 0.0577, AGFI = 0.901; PA Outcome Expectancies: RMSEA = 0.054, SRMR = 0.0545, AGFI = 0.916, and PA Home Environment: RMSEA = 0.038, SRMR = 0.0233, AGFI = 0.976). The PA Barriers subscales showed good internal consistency and poor to fair test-retest reliability (personal α = 0.79, ICC = 0.29, environmental α = 0.73, ICC = 0.59). The PA Outcome Expectancies subscales showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability (negative α = 0.77, ICC = 0.56; positive α = 0.74, ICC = 0.49). Only the PA Home Environment subscale on support for PA was validated in the final confirmatory model; it showed moderate internal consistency and test-retest reliability (α = 0.61, ICC = 0.48).DiscussionThis study is the first to validate measures of perceptions of physical activity and the physical activity home environment in Turkey. Our results support the originally hypothesized two-factor structures for Physical Activity Barriers and Physical Activity Outcome Expectancies. However, we found the one-factor rather than two-factor structure for Physical Activity Home Environment had the best model fit. This study provides general support for the use of these scales in Turkey in terms of validity, but test-retest reliability warrants further research.

Implementing the Illness Management and Recovery Program in Japan

The Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS) is a self-report tool for assessing cognitive and somatic arousal before sleep. While the English version is well-validated, research on translations is limited. This meta-analysis examines PSAS translations' internal consistency and reliability. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using multiple databases to identify studies that reported the reliability of the PSAS. We used a random-effects meta-analysis model to pool estimates of internal consistency and test-retest reliability and explored potential moderators using subgroup analyses and meta-regression. To ensure transparency, we registered the study protocol, utilized the PRISMA checklist, and made all study code and data available on the Open Science Framework. Systematic review yielded a total 27 studies (reported in 25 publications) with 9354 participants employing eleven language versions of the PSAS. Meta-analysis showed good internal consistency for the total PSAS (0.88, 95%CI 0.86-0.90) as well as the cognitive (α=0.89, 95%CI 0.88-0.90) and somatic (α=0.80, 95%CI 0.77-0.83) subscales. The PSAS also displayed excellent test-retest reliability for the total scale (r=0.87, 95%CI 0.84-0.90), cognitive subscale (α=0.80, 95%CI 0.77-0.84) and somatic subscale (α=0.70, 95%CI 0.67-0.74). Participant characteristics (age and sex) did not significantly affect results. This meta-analysis shows that the PSAS is a reliable tool for detecting pre-sleep arousal based on its high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The PSAS is useful across languages but quality translation appears to be crucial. Recommendations are offered for future adaptations and clinical use.

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity and predictive validity of a new German self-report instrument to assess the influence of social support and the physical environment on physical activity in adolescents.MethodsBased on theoretical consideration, the short scales on social support and physical environment were developed and cross-validated in two independent study samples of 9 to 17 year-old girls and boys. The longitudinal sample of Study I (n = 196) was recruited from a German comprehensive school, and subjects in this study completed the questionnaire twice with a between-test interval of seven days. Cronbach’s alphas were computed to determine the internal consistency of the factors. Test-retest reliability of the latent factors was assessed using intra-class coefficients. Factorial validity of the scales was assessed using principle components analysis. Construct validity was determined using a cross-validation technique by performing confirmatory factor analysis with the independent nationwide cross-sectional sample of Study II (n = 430). Correlations between factors and three measures of physical activity (objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), self-reported habitual MVPA and self-reported recent MVPA) were calculated to determine the predictive validity of the instrument.ResultsConstruct validity of the social support scale (two factors: parental support and peer support) and the physical environment scale (four factors: convenience, public recreation facilities, safety and private sport providers) was shown. Both scales had moderate test-retest reliability. The factors of the social support scale also had good internal consistency and predictive validity. Internal consistency and predictive validity of the physical environment scale were low to acceptable.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate moderate to good reliability and construct validity of the social support scale and physical environment scale. Predictive validity was only confirmed for the social support scale but not for the physical environment scale. Hence, it remains unclear if a person’s physical environment has a direct or an indirect effect on physical activity behavior or a moderation function.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of female self-advocacy in cancer survivorship scale

Children and adolescents with childhood-onset physical disabilities, including cerebral palsy (CP), face a significantly higher risk of developing mental health disorders due to factors such as reduced physical activity, participation limitations, sleep disturbances, pain, social isolation, rejection, bullying and victimization. Therefore, identifying mental health problems in this population is crucial for promoting their mental health and psychosocial well-being. This study aimed to investigate the reliability and construct validity of the self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in children and adolescents with CP. The study included 120 children and adolescents with CP (mean age = 14.13 ± 2.2 years), representing the full spectrum of CP subtypes. Internal consistency was assessed using McDonald's omega (ω). Test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to estimate the level of consistency in scores for 50 children and adolescents who completed the SDQ again after 14 days. Three types of construct validity were assessed: factorial, convergent and known-group validity. Factorial validity was assessed based on the model fit of structural equation model-based confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). For CFA, the following fit indices were considered acceptable: a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) < 0.08, a Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) ≥ 0.95 and a Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) ≤ 0.08. Convergent validity was assessed by estimating correlations between the SDQ and Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life (CP QOL) scores using Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of both SDQ Total Difficulties Scale and SDQ Prosocial subscale were found to be acceptable (ω: 0.73-0.85; ICCs: 0.77-0.96). The SDQ's factor structure showed good fit (Total Difficulties Scale: RMSEA = 0.03, GFI = 0.95 and SRMR = 0.037; SDQ Prosocial: RMSEA = 0.025, GFI = 0.97 and SRMR = 0.066). Acceptable correlations between SDQ and CP-QOL scores (r = 0.53-0.93) supported convergent validity. Known-groups validity was confirmed, with children with CP showing significantly different SDQ scores compared to their TD peers (p < 0.05). Our findings provide evidence of adequate internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability and construct validity for scores on the SDQ for children and adolescents with CP. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06527508. This is the first study investigating the measurement properties of the self-report SDQ in children and adolescents with CP This study yielded satisfactory evidence for the factorial validity, convergent validity and known-group validity of the self-report SDQ, supporting its suitability as a tool for assessing the mental health status of children and adolescents CP aged 11-17 years. All items in the self-report SDQ were found to effectively measure the intended construct-mental health-demonstrating item homogeneity and supporting internal consistency The satisfactory agreement between SDQ scores obtained over a two-week interval demonstrated the instrument's temporal stability, indicating strong test-retest reliability.

Culturally adapted frailty screening tools are essential for improving health outcomes, facilitating clinical decision-making, promoting effective care planning, and ensuring accurate frailty assessment across diverse cultural contexts; their use among clinicians and academics is therefore supported. The purpose of this study was to assess internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity of the Arabic FRAIL scale (FRAIL-AR scale) for Arabic-speaking populations with colorectal cancer (CRC). This cross-sectional study included 137 participants diagnosed with CRC who completed the FRAIL-AR scale, the EORTC QLQ-C30 physical function subscale, and functional performance-based Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Five Times Sit-to-Stand (5xSTS) tasks. Internal consistency was assessed using Kuder-Richardson formula 20 (KR-20), and test-retest reliability was determined using the two-way random intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2.1). Convergent validity was evaluated by assessing the correlation between the FRAIL-AR scale against the EORTC QLQ-C30 physical function scale, TUG, and 5xSTS. The FRAIL-AR scale exhibited good internal consistency (KR-20 = 0.80) and test-retest reliability (ICC (2.1) = 0.89, 95% CI 0.77-0.94). Correlation analysis showed a weak negative correlation between the overall FRAIL-AR scale scores and EORTC QLQ-C30 physical function scale scores (r = -0.38, p < 0.05), while it exhibited a moderate positive correlation with TUG (r = 0.75, p < 0.01) and 5xSTS (r = 0.63, p < 0.01) scores. FRAIL-AR scores showed significant known-groups validity with higher frailty scores in older-age individuals (p < 0.01), females (p < 0.05), and those with comorbid conditions (≥5) (p < 0.05). The FRAIL-AR scale's validity and reliability make it an appropriate tool for geriatricians, oncologists, and healthcare providers to evaluate and monitor frailty among Arabic-speaking colorectal cancer patients.

To initially test for the content validity, comprehensibility, test-retest reliability and internal consistency reliability of the Yin-Yang Assessment Questionnaire (YY-AQ). The process of initial validity and reliability test covered: (1) content validation from the findings of 18 multiple-case studies, validated Yin- and Yang-deficiency assessment questionnaires, relevant literatures and registered Chinese medicine practitioners; (2) comprehension with the levels of comprehensibility for each item categorized on a 3-point scale (not comprehensible; moderately comprehensible; highly comprehensible). A minimum of three respondents selecting for each item of moderately or highly comprehensible were regarded as comprehensive; (3) test-retest reliability conducted with a 2-wk interval. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and their 95%CIs were calculated using a two-way random effects model. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test for related samples was adopted to compare the medians of test-retest scores. An ICC value of 0.85 or higher together with P > 0.05, was considered acceptable; and (4) internal consistency of the total items was measured and evaluated by Cronbach's coefficient alpha (α). A Cronbach's α of 0.7 or higher was considered to represent good internal consistency. Eighteen Yin-deficiency and 14 Yang-deficiency presentation items were finalized from content validation. Five participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) performed the comprehensibility and test-retest reliability tests. Comprehensibility score level of each presentation item was found to be moderate or high in three out of the five participants. Test-retest reliability showed that the single measure ICC of the total Yin-deficiency presentation items was 0.99 (95%CI: 0.89-0.99) and the median scores on the first and 14(th) days were 17 (IQR 6.5-27) and 21 (IQR 6-29) (P = 0.144) respectively. The single measure ICC of the total Yang-deficiency presentation items was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.79-0.99) and the median scores on the first and 14(th) days were 10 (IQR 6-18) and 14 (IQR 7-23) (P = 0.144) respectively. The results of a descriptive correlation study on 140 survey participants with T2DM using the YY-AQ showed that internal consistency of the total Yin-deficiency and Yang-deficiency presentation items was satisfactory, with Cronbach's α of 0.79 and 0.78 respectively. The YY-AQ will be tested further for comprehensibility, test-retest and internal consistency reliabilities, scoring system validity, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validities, responsiveness and predictive validity.

Psychometric comparison of single-item, short, and comprehensive depression screening measures in Korean young adults

Greater occupational stress among firefighters has been associated with adverse health outcomes, such as musculoskeletal injuries. Longitudinal examinations are needed to identify if occupational stress contributes to the risk of occupational health consequences. However, the instruments available to assess occupational stress and related constructs were developed for general populations, rather than tactical populations. This restricts the ability to examine these constructs among firefighters. This investigation utilized a repeated measures design to examine the internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and test re-test reliability (two-way mixed-effect model intra-class correlation coefficients) of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL), and Sources of Occupational Stress-14 (SOOS-14) among active-duty firefighters. Measures were taken at baseline and an 8-week follow-up. All instruments demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (0.79-0.88) and test re-test reliability (0.64-0.79). Therefore, the BRS, ProQOL, and SOOS-14 can be used in longitudinal investigations of firefighter psychosocial wellbeing and related occupational health concerns.

BackgroundPediatric sleep-disordered breathing is associated with multiple health problems. Polysomnography is the reference standard for identifying this disorder, but availability is limited. Therefore, an alternative screening tool is needed. Globally, the Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) has proven to be a feasible tool. Consequently, this study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the PSQ into Dutch and then to examine the cultural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the Dutch version among a general population visiting oral healthcare centers. MethodsThe translation, review, adaptation, pretest, and documentation approach was used to ensure cross-cultural adaptation of the PSQ. Then, 220 children (2.4–18 years) were sampled for clinimetric evaluation. We estimated the cross-cultural validity by comparing the factor analyses of the original PSQ and the Dutch version. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, Spearman's correlation, the intraclass correlation coefficient, the standard error of measurement, and a Bland-Altman plot. ResultsThe factor loading patterns of the Dutch version matched with the original study around the four predetermined factors: breathing, sleepiness, behavior, and other. The internal consistency, with a Cronbach's α of 0.77, was acceptable. The test-retest reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient and Spearman's correlation of 0.89 and 0.93, respectively, was good to excellent. ConclusionsCultural adaptation was ensured and the results support cross-cultural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the Dutch Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder scale of the PSQ. This questionnaire could therefore be a valuable tool for screening disordered breathing in Dutch children.

Background Physical activity (PA) is important for people with stroke, but the reliability of PA questionnaires used in this population has been relatively unexplored. Objective To compare the internal consistency, test-retest, and absolute reliability of 3 commonly used PA questionnaires in adults with stroke. Methods Participants reported their PA levels twice, 2–3 days apart, using the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1) were calculated for test-retest reliability, Cronbach’s alpha (α) for internal consistency, and standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC95) for absolute reliability. Results Twenty-eight people (64.4 years, 50% female, 5.2 years post-stroke) participated. Internal consistency was acceptable for total scores on the IPAQ ( α = 0.79) and GPAQ ( α = 0.74), but only domain-level scores for the GPAQ ( α = 0.71–0.88). In the full sample, test-retest reliability was good for the PASIPD (ICC2,1 = 0.83) but poor for the IPAQ and GPAQ (ICC2,1 <0.50). After excluding participants self-reporting true changes in PA, all questionnaires had good test-retest reliability (ICC2,1 = 0.77–0.88). SEM and MDC95 were lowest for the PASIPD (188.8 and 523.3 MET-minutes/week, respectively). Conclusions In adults with stroke, the IPAQ and GPAQ had adequate total-questionnaire internal consistency, and the GPAQ had acceptable domain-level internal consistency. When true change in PA did not occur, test-retest reliability was good for all questionnaires. We suggest clinicians and rehabilitation scientists can use any of the three questionnaires, but may consider the GPAQ due to acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a cognitive assessment suitable for diverse populations. However, the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the Arabic version of RUDAS were not examined. This study aimed to examine these aspects. The Arabic RUDAS was administered twice to a sample of 37 older adults. The intraclass correlation coefficients and the Kappa coefficient examined the test-retest reliability. The internal consistency of the Arabic RUDAS was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. The RUDAS showed high internal consistency (α = 0.866) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.971), with substantial agreement between tests (Kappa = 0.78). The Arabic RUDAS is highly reliable with Palestinian older adults.

The study aims to examine the reliability and validity of the Personal Stigma Scale and the intrapersonal variables that affect the personal stigma level towards depression among university students in Singapore. University students aged 18 to 24 years old who were literate in English were recruited using convenience sampling through online platforms. Participants' stigma towards depression was assessed using the Personal Stigma Scale. Each item of the scale was rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate higher stigmatising attitudes. Internal consistency, divergent validity, construct validity, and test-retest reliability of the Personal Stigma Scale were evaluated, as were the intrapersonal variables that affect the personal stigma level towards depression. Personal stigma level was significantly lower in female participants, those from healthcare faculties, those with prior contact with healthcare professionals, those without mental health disorders, and those with loved ones with mental health disorders. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure. The Personal Stigma Scale was negatively correlated with the Depression Literacy Scale weakly and the Anxiety Literacy Scale moderately. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was 0.71 for the overall scale and 0.18 to 0.67 for subscales. Test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.74 at 2 weeks and 0.70 at 2 months. The Personal Stigma Scale is valid and reliable to measure self-stigma towards depression among university students in Singapore. Nonetheless, further studies are required to examine its factor structure, especially among various cultures and populations.