Abstract
Emulgel is a novel topical drug delivery system which can overcome the major limitation of gel; limited delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (Burulla) is a medicinal plant used in Sri Lankan Ayurvedic medicine for many therapeutic purposes. The present study was aimed to develop a novel herbal emulgel using Leea indica leaf extract and evaluate in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Different formulations (Fg1-Fg5) were prepared by incorporating freeze dried powder of 70% aqueous acetone leaf extract. All formulations (Fg1-Fg5) were tested for their physicochemical stability parameters such as pH, appearance, odor, homogeneity, spread ability, phase separation and washability for 60 days and they were subjected for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by Human Red Blood Cell membrane stabilization assay and in vitro antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay respectively. Two commercially available gels were used as the positive control. Among the formulated herbal emulgels, Fg5 showed the significantly high values of in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities compared to the tested positive controls. At the concentration of 12.5 mg/mL, Fg5 showed percentage inhibition of 93.73 ± 0.90% of heat induced hemolysis of erythrocytes and in vitro antioxidant activity of Fg5 was 3.39 ± 0.01 mmol Trolox per 100 g of emulgel. All formulated emulgels were found to be semi-solid, homogenous, and washable with water, having no phase separation and pH of the formulations were reported in the range of 6 to 7.There was no remarkable variation ofstability parameters tested during 60 days. It isconcluded that the formulated herbal emulgelshave promising anti-inflammatory andantioxidant activities and formulation Fg5 canbe recommended for further investigationsusing in vivo models.
Highlights
Inflammation is an essential immune response which acts as a protective strategy during injury or infection in body
All formulated herbal emulgels were found to be semi-solid, homogenous, and pleasant in odor, good in appearance with no phase separation (Fig. 1.) and pH of the formulations were found in the range of 6 to 7
Physicochemical stability parameters of all formulated emulgels showed no remarkable variation during the period of 60 days tested
Summary
Inflammation is an essential immune response which acts as a protective strategy during injury or infection in body. Inflammatory conditions are treated mainly via orally administered Non-Steroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) which block the inflammatory pathways via inhibiting the mediators and factors involved in these pathways. Though these drugs are effective, they are relatively expensive and can cause severe adverse drug reactions as well as risk of heart attack or strokes associated with NSAIDs [3]. Topical formulations of anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used in day-to-day life for pain and symptomatic relief of various acute and chronic conditions such as acute sprains, strains, overuse injuries, arthritis, neuropathic pain etc. Gel formulations have many advantages over other dosage forms and the major limitation of gels is delivery of hydrophobic drugs. The new concept of topical drug delivery system known as emulgel, can successively overcome this limitation
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