Development and Characterization of Ethanolic Extract of Cleome gynandra L. Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

The bioactive components of the botanical remedy Cleome gynandra L., which is famous for its antidiabetic effects, were extracted using ethanol. To improve its stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential, the extract was subsequently encapsulated within solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using a high-pressure homogenization method with varying concentrations of lipids. Zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, kinetics of drug release, and particle size were among the numerous characteristics of the SLNs that were thoroughly examined. One important measure for determining whether bioactive compounds were successfully encapsulated within the SLNs is the entrapment efficiency. An impressive entrapment efficiency of more than 82.13% was shown by the optimized formulation F4. The optimized formulation F4 exhibited a mean particle size ranging from 243.5 to 261.7 nm, according to particle size analysis. This size range is ideal for improving cellular uptake and bioavailability. A negative charge was observed in the zeta potential measurements, which means that the SLNs are stable and do not aggregate. A PDI of 0.416 provided additional evidence of the nanoparticles’ stability and uniformity. A sustained release of about 62.57% over 7 hours was shown in the in-vitro drug release profile data, indicating a long-lasting therapeutic effect. Improved therapeutic efficacy of antidiabetic treatment and more stable blood glucose levels are both benefits of the sustained release profile. The in-vitro results of formulation F4 suggest that SLNs have the good stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential of C. gynandra L.’s ethanolic extract when used as a delivery system.