Abstract
AbstractStatistically, emergency vehicles (EVs) encounter a higher risk of getting involved in accidents during their missions than other road users. The successful completion of these missions can be facilitated by new applications. Simulations may support the development of applications, as it is not possible to test them in a real traffic system. Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) is one possible tool to conduct simulations of real traffic systems. However, SUMO is not capable of modelling a realistic behavior of EVs, new types of infrastructure, and individual vehicles (IVs) concerning EVs by a predefined function. We propose models for each of the missing pieces towards an integrated approach to simulate EVs in an urban environment. Therefore, we adjust them with a video analysis and simulate them. Further, an assessment analyzes their usability as a reference for testing new applications. In order to identify supportive applications, we created and carried out a survey with 252 EV drivers. The deduced applications are a traffic light preemption via V2I and an automated formation of a rescue lane via V2V. We assess the models and applications by evaluating the travelling time, a speed profile of the EV, and speed profiles of the IVs. Additionally, we show the usefulness of the two applications for the EV as well as the IVs.KeywordsSimulation of an emergency vehicleSimulation of EVsUrbanIntersectionReal EV behaviorRescue laneIntelligent transportation systemIntelligent traffic lightV2XPreemptionAutomated formation of a rescue laneTravelling time
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