Development and Application of Plastic Processing Technologies of Magnesium Alloys

This paper describes the development of ‘Digital Rocks’ technology – in which high-resolution 3D image data is used in conjunction with advanced modeling and simulation methods to "measure" petrophysical rock properties – through to a proven capability that is sanctioned for use in the operating assets of a large, multinational oil company. Digital Rocks is a disruptive technology in that it can fundamentally alter how the industry measures the basic rock properties that are used to characterize reservoirs and help predict their performance. Whilst Digital Rocks has been the subject of a number of publications, these have been generally limited in scope, and focus on certain aspects of the underlying science, or alternatively, present a stand-alone example application. This paper describes the research and development process, summarizes the results of extensive field trials, and explains how application of this technology has produced value within the context of an established field development decision-making process. We describe the underlying philosophy motivating the specific research that has been undertaken, and more generally, the technology development process that included extensive verification and validation. The paper describes navigating through the ‘valley of death’ – which describes the intervening terrain between research & development and the industrial application of a proven technology – a key challenge for nearly all emerging technologies. Details of the required capabilities, including experimental x-ray micro-computed tomographic imaging, image processing, numerical simulation including high performance computing, and rock physics interpretation are described. The technology development described is specific to static rock properties, and its application to conventional oil and gas reservoirs (i.e. permeabilities of ~1 millidarcy or greater). The results of over a half-dozen field trials carried out across BP's portfolio are presented, including comparisons of image-based porosity and simulated permeability, formation factor, cementation exponent, resistivity index, saturation exponent, and capillary pressure with experimental data that have been obtained using traditional laboratory measurement techniques on core plugs. The field trials included over 100 plugs taken from cores from more than ten wells. Digital Rocks technology can improve evaluation of reservoir quality and quantification of hydrocarbons in place, and it can help inform the development of improved recovery methods. Key advantages include reducing the cycle time for appraisal and reducing uncertainty in subsurface description.

The emerging field of synthetic biology has the potential to improve global health. For example, synthetic biology could contribute to efforts at vaccine development in a context in which vaccines and immunization have been identified by the international community as being crucial to international development efforts and, in particular, the millennium development goals. However, past experience with innovations shows that realizing a technology's potential can be difficult and complex. To achieve better societal embedding of synthetic biology and to make sure it reaches its potential, science and technology development should be made more inclusive and interactive. Responsible research and innovation is based on the premise that a broad range of stakeholders with different views, needs and ideas should have a voice in the technological development and deployment process. The interactive learning and action (ILA) approach has been developed as a methodology to bring societal stakeholders into a science and technology development process. This paper proposes an ILA in five phases for an international effort, with national case studies, to develop socially robust applications of synthetic biology for global health, based on the example of vaccine development. The design is based on results of a recently initiated ILA project on synthetic biology; results from other interactive initiatives described in the literature; and examples of possible applications of synthetic biology for global health that are currently being developed.

In the article investigated the essence of enterprises technological develop-ment and defined its directions, tasks, conditions and results. Substantiated similarities and differences of categories "technological development" and "technological processes development". Conducted analysis existing approaches to defining the "technological process" concept and its consideration as a system. Characterized the main structural components of technological process. The basic principles of the technological processes’ system-component development concept of the machine-building enterprises are offered and defined. It is concluded that a modern machine-building enterprise can be studied as a complex organized system, the components of which are constantly changing, being in interaction with each other. It is theoretically substantiated that the technological development of machine-building enterprises involves the improvement of the production process, search for new technological solutions, modernization of fixed assets, development and implementation of new technological processes, new information technologies, computers and modern actuators. It is proved that the technological development of the enterprise is determined by the efficiency of reproduction of innovations, which are reflected in the main factors of production, in the structure of their management, as well as in new products. It should be aimed, on the one hand, at maintaining the proper condition and development of the technical and technological base of the industrial enterprise, and on the other - at the stable use of new advanced technologies in all spheres of economic activity of the business entity. It is concluded that increasing the level of technological development of the machine-building enterprise is a transition to a new state of economic activity with efficient use of existing resources and factors of production, research and development, improvement of management system, employee motivation. It is substantiated that the development of effective management mechanisms in the direction of ensuring the development of technological processes of machine-building enterprises requires, first of all, the formation of conceptual foundations of management processes.

Digital image processing is used to process the image in depth with modern technologies, so that the image can be presented to the users more clearly and intuitively. Nowadays, image processing has been applied to many fields, such as education, criminal investigation, medicine, fruit picking, traffic safety and so on. At the same time, in these fields, computational image processing technology plays an indispensable role. Therefore, this paper will discuss this topic and analyze the application and development of computer image processing technology.

An effect of unequal deformation in development of advanced plastic processing technologies is researched by studying an in-plane bending process of strip metal under unequal compressing. The research results show the following: If appropriately controlled, unequal plastic deformation can play an important role not only in the improvement of quality of parts obtained by plastic processing technologies, but also in the development of new processes for advanced plastic working technologies. A coordinated growth of unequal plastic deformation can develop the deformation potentiality of material to the full. The degree of unequal plastic deformation can be used as bases for optimization design of processes and dies of plastic forming.

Policy topics: Groundwork for patient care, dialogue

Objective: to conceptualize, from the viewpoint of personal data protection legislation, the development of natural language processing technology, identifying possible legal barriers to such development and directions for further research of the issue.Methods: the research is based on general scientific methods of cognition, along with which formal-legal and comparative-legal methods were applied, as well as the method of theoretical modeling.Results: it was found that the observance of personal data regime natural language processing in the development of natural language processing technology leads technology, to a conflict between private-legal and public-legal interests, which, personal data in turn, creates obstacles for further development of this technology. The shortcomings of the existing legal order are shown, namely, the insufficient correspondence to the technical features of technology development. This may lead to the risks of excessive regulation, or, on the contrary, to the risks of neglecting critical areas that require protection. Problems in qualifying the data involved in the technology development are outlined. An attempt is made to define the limits of ensuring the lawfulness of personal data processing within the natural language processing technology. The material, temporal and territorial effect of the legal regulation in this field is identified as the limits of ensuring the legality. The author touches upon the possibility of using personal data as a consideration, which is important for the development of natural language processing technology and for the improvement of the information and communication technology industry.Scientific novelty: the paper supplements the scientific discussion on the legal regulation of personal data processing by artificial intelligence systems with an analysis of natural language processing technology. The latter is insufficiently studied, making it relevant to research information law, namely, the legal relations arising around artificial intelligence systems, and to assess the impact of a personal data regime on the development of natural language processing technology.Practical relevance: the applied aspects of the problems researched and the results obtained can be used to improve the legal regulation of public relations in the field of creation and development of artificial intelligence, as well as to identify and assess the legal risks arising in the personal data processing by developers of digital products based on natural language processing technology.

The signal processing algorithm is an important component of the three major technical fields of radar, and it occupies an important position in the radar system. It is the basis for phased array radar to achieve multi-function. The rapid development of modern signal processing technology has greatly promoted the development and application of radar technology. Modern radar simulation systems can simulate and optimize signal processing algorithms, and quickly adjust system parameters; because it adopts modularization and systematically encapsulated, it can be used repeatedly in different environments or platforms. The continuous development of modern signal processing technology has improved the performance of the radar system, especially in improving the radar's target detection capability and anti-jamming performance. Because signal processing occupies a very important position in radar systems, this paper studies the signal processing in radar systems. This paper analyzes the signal processing process of the multifunctional phased array radar, and conducts corresponding analysis and research on the key technologies.

The purpose of the model presented here is to develop and critique a method for preparing case studies on environmental technology transfer and commercialisation. The general research goal is to observe and learn about the development and application of new technologies to improve environmental resources. Yet attention to the intervening variables between technology and environmental payoffs is necessary to provide the learning for all actors involved in the life cycle of any environmental technology. These intervening actions include technology development and transfer processes, commercialisation of environmental products and acceptance and application of technologies by users.

The development of new and innovative waste treatment technologies can significantly benefit the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) environmental restoration and waste management program. New technologies are expected to facilitate faster, better, cheaper, and safer remediation of existing waste problems. To encourage and direct the development of new waste treatment and management technologies, DOE established a research, development, demonstration, testing, and evaluation (RDDT E) program. The RDDT E program is managed by DOE's Office of Technology Development. The development, acceptance, and application of new technologies involves more than simply technical problems. If the best new technologies are to be applied in the fastest and most cost-effective manner possible, DOE must consider regulatory factors early and often in the technology development process. This report presents a number of regulatory issues that are relevant to any program intended to encourage the development of new waste treatment and management technologies. The report was prepared by Pacific Northwest Laboratory. 38 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Researching the opportunities and development of computer information processing technology in the context of big data era is the key to ensuring that such technologies can meet the development needs of the industry and avoid being eliminated.Firstly, this paper will briefly introduce the concept of big data and computer information processing technology, and then the opportunities and challenges faced by computer information processing technology in the era of big data are analyzed. The last part mainly combines these contents to propose the future development of computer processing technology.

The article is devoted to theoretical studies of man-made safety of nature management technologies and risk as a criterion for their assessment. The development of technologies is considered in the context of the theory of technological orders, which is based on the theory of long waves of M.D. Kondratiev. It is analyzed how the increase of the technological framework affects the level of risk of technological activity. Taking into account the time factor is especially important. It is theoretically proven that mining activity is always associated with the presence of environmental damage, and avoiding the conflict between economic growth and the need to preserve the quality of the environment is not always possible. And therefore, in order to ensure parity between the interests of ecology and the economy, a search for a rational or optimal solution must take place. Life dictates the search for new, often non-standard, technical and technological solutions using known natural phenomena and effects. With the development of industrial technologies in the historical period, the danger level of impact on natural and social systems also changes. The process of technology development is shown on the example of successive changes in technological orders. The lower group of technological orders was considered on the example of mining technologies, nanotechnology was chosen as the representative of the higher group. Technologies of the lower orders are characterized by the locality of expressions and the insignificant duration of the negative impact on the environment. Technologies of higher technological orders are characterized by other parameters of influence in time and space frameworks. Their influence spans larger global systems and transcends the boundaries of one human generation. The purpose of this work was to determine the stages of development of industrial technologies, characteristic features of their functioning, and to establish safety criteria and areas of their application. It was established that the scope of application of the concept of "acceptable technological risk" as a criterion for assessment the effectiveness of the functioning of technological orders is possible only for the first four technological orders. For technological orders of higher technological orders, the application of this assessment criterion without conducting additional research and taking into account parameters of a different order is problematic. Keywords: technologies of nature management, ecological safety, technological orders, acceptable technological risk.

Technologies impact societies in manifold and often unforeseen ways. In several fields of technology (e.g. nanotechnology, biotechnology) it has been argued that reflexive modes of technology development are appropriate to deal with this challenge. A central aim of reflexive modes is the integration of broader societal perspectives early in technology development processes in order to achieve a more (societal) responsible way of technology development. Whereas social scientific accounts on mining and resource extraction emphasize topics like corporate social responsibility, occupational safety, or distributive justice, little light is shed on the possibility of more reflexive modes that integrate societal perspectives early on in the development of resource extraction technologies. These technologies decisively influence social life worlds. Within this article we will shed light on mining technologies, and discuss the relevance of early integration of societal concerns into their development. We argue that an early integration of these concerns can help to shape new technologies in societally responsible ways, and by so doing, to deal with globally increasing opposition to resource extraction operations. To underline this argument, the article delineates four major challenges connected to technology development and application in the domain of resource extraction: the identification of the problems’ locus, knowledge integration, the consideration of non-knowledge, and the reflection of manifold roles that actors have in technology development contexts. The article concludes with future research challenges for technology development in the domain of resource extraction.

The rapid development and application of computer information processing technology under the background of the times of "big data", the constant increasing amount of data and the increasing speed of data transmission, both put forward higher requirements and challenges to the processing level of modern computer information technology. This paper mainly discusses the concept, characteristics and influence of "big data", and analyzes the opportunities and challenges brought about by the era of "big data" to the development of computer information processing technology, and the problems in computer information processing technology, finally, analyzes the development direction of the contemporary computer information technology in the background of the times of "big data", in the hope of providing referential significance to a certain extent for the study and research of the relevant personnel.

The use of technology development process (TDP) models by the enterprises can contribute to the usage control of natural resources of technologies before or after its integration on products, services or processes. Although the choice of a technology can consider the use of some performance metrics to identify their eco-efficiency, the literature about technology development models neglects this element. Based on a qualitative analysis of existing models, this paper proposes a conceptual model for the adoption of eco-efficiency indicators in the TDP by the innovation managers, distributed in three different stages: the initial stage, during the planning of a technology, the intermediate stage, at the technology development, and the final stage, at the technology transfer. Future research, such as prioritizing the indicators and the extent of the present analysis to other sustainability dimensions are suggested for structuring a sustainable model of TDP.