Developing the scale for identifying primary school students' home digital literacy activities

Abstract

Due to developments in the digital domain, digital literacy has become a crucial skill targeted for students in the 21st century. The home environment is as significant as the school environment in children's education. Therefore, identifying the digital activities children engage in at home is crucial for describing opportunities to use and enhance digital literacy skills in the home environment. This research aimed to develop the "Scale for Determining Primary School Students' Home Digital Activities (SDPSHDA)" according to parental opinions. The scale development process followed the steps outlined by DeVellis (2017) for scale development. Following these steps, an item pool was created, items were arranged according to a five-point Likert scale format, and expert evaluation was obtained for the item pool. In this regard, the internal validity ratio was calculated for expert opinions. After expert evaluation and pilot implementation, a draft scale consisting of 36 items was obtained, and the scale was applied to 553 parents. In the analysis process, the evaluation of the dataset followed exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), item analysis, and internal reliability stages. According to the analysis results, a three-factor structure consisting of 15 items was obtained. The factors were named "active use," "educational use," and "passive use," respectively. Upon examining the Cronbach's Alpha values of the scale and factors, it was concluded that the scale was highly reliable. As a result of the research, a valid and reliable scale was obtained to identify the digital activities students engage in at home.