Developing Islamic Value-Based Arabic Speaking Materials Using Flashcards

AbstrakAt the Institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu There is an Arabic Language Education faculty. In this faculty students are taught Arabic skills, be it listening skills, speaking skills, reading skills and writing skills. The material used to teach speech skills is teaching material written and composed by "Yeni fatriani" consisting of material of dialogue and grammar material, and this material in the form of printed book format, and the method used is direct method. So researchers see that the problem in teaching the speaking skills in this faculty is the teaching materials used, the teaching materials used are not in the form of a special book of speaking learning, and have not been prepared in accordance with the cognitive process. As it is known that the learning process is a cognitive process, so that researchers develop teaching materials speaking skills based on cognitive theory, And researchers see that this theory in accordance with the stages of the process of speaking, because the process of language lies in the brain.Based on the introduction above, the researcher presents the following research problem formulation: (1) How to develop teaching material of speech skill based on cognitive theory at institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu. (2) What are the characteristics of speaking skills teaching materials developed based on cognitive theory in institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu. (3) How is the effectiveness of teaching skill material developed based on cognitive theory at institute of Islamic religion Bengkulu. The purpose of this research are: 1) Creating teaching materials product speaking skill based on cognitive theory for students of institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu 2) Knowing the characteristics of teaching materials for speaking skills on the basis of cognitive theory, 3) Knowing the effectiveness of the application of teaching materials that have been developed in improving the ability to speak the students of institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu.This research was conducted by using qualitative and quantitative approaches to Borg and Galll's experimental and development methods (Research & Development) written by Sugiyono. This research produces a product. The results of this study are: (1) teaching material of speaking skill based on cognitive theory for student of institute of Islamic religion of Bengkulu. with the following development procedures: needs and problem analysis, data gathering, Product design, product validation, product improvement, product validity test, field test, and final improvements. (2) Characteristics of educational materials consist of cognitive processes, namely: attention, interpretation, arrangement of grammar and store it in memory, and repetition. (3) The results of this study indicate that the use of teaching materials developed is very effective in helping students improve their speaking and expression skills with Arabic. The effectiveness of the product can be seen from the results of pre test and post test of students tested through t test, then the value obtained from pre-test 2010 and post test 2345, with a success rate of t test 27.75% of the df level (32) is 1.711 and the score derived from mathematical calculations is 71, 06. This statistical calculation shows that the value of the independent test t is 4825 greater than the value (t table) 1.711 (1.711 <27.06). and supported by questionnaires of lecturers and students, each scored 82% and 84%, then with these values it can be concluded that the developed material is acceptable.

Based on the official website of the Ministry of Religion, there are around 200 new institutions being established, both public and private, between 2020 and 2021. The basic need for newly established educational institutions is to have teaching materials that are in accordance with the vision and vision of each institution. mission, and in accordance with student needs and interests. One of the language skills that is the focus of attention is speaking skills, but not all teaching materials can answer every need of the new educational institution. So efforts are needed to develop and prepare teaching materials that can train speaking skills according to the needs and educational goals of an institution. Efforts to prepare teaching materials need to be supported by theoretical steps to make it easier for curriculum developers, because not everyone involved in educational activities has the ability to develop an appropriate curriculum. So this research aims to reveal the procedural stages in compiling arabic language teaching materials to practice speaking skills by referring to the components of the educational curriculum. This research uses a qualitative approach with inductive descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this research show that there are 7 stages in compiling teaching materials to practice speaking skills which are divided into curriculum construction. Determine the target users of teaching materials. Determine speaking skills material according to the student's skill level. Review the material that has been determined, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the method to be used. Choose one teaching method that suits the teaching material. Review the types of speaking skills that will be evaluated, whether for conversation or to express ideas, then formulate appropriate test questions. Determine the aspects of speaking skills that will be evaluated. Develop a test model that will used to evaluate speaking skills.

Розглянуто важливість формування мовленнєвих навичок студентів у процесі викладання іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням. З'ясовано, які методи, вправи та завдання потрібно застосовувати для розвитку мовленнєвих навичок. Описано приклади вправ і завдань, які дають змогу студентам мислити та формувати іншомовну професійну комунікативну компетенцію певної галузі та забезпечують зв'язок вивчення мови з реальним контекстом її застосування у фаховій діяльності, розвивають пізнавальну та професійну мотивацію студентів. Наголошено, що під час викладання іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням передусім варто звертати увагу на формування мовленнєвих навичок студентів, які спрямовані на оволодіння майбутньою професією та підвищують рівень загальної та професійної культури, сприяють підготовці до міжкультурної комунікації. Проаналізовано, які методи, вправи та завдання, що пропонують на заняттях з іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням, повинні мати проблемний характер та спонукати студентів до дискусії та висловлення власної думки. Вважають, що набуті знання піддаються змінам і щоб навчити студентів мислити, вчитися знаходити необхідну інформацію, самостійно вдосконалювати свої знання, які будуть необхідні в майбутній професії, потрібно застосовувати інноваційні методи навчання, а також важливо надати студентам можливість мислити, вирішувати проблеми, що активізує мовленнєву діяльність студентів. Зазначено, що для успішного формування мовленнєвих навичок студентів, потрібно підготувати ситуації, наближені до реально життєвих згідно з навчальною програмою, підштовхувати і мотивувати студентів, надавати їм впевненості, розширювати лексику, роблячи навчання захоплюючим та веселим, а також важливо, щоб отримані теоретичні знання у процесі навчання знайшли практичне застосування, щоб студент мав змогу розвивати й удосконалювати знання з іноземної мови та реалізовувати набуті навички іншомовної комунікації у майбутній професійній діяльності.

English is considered a foreign language in Indonesia and is required to be studied from primary school through university. Almost all modern Islamic boarding schools require learners to speak English and Arabic on a daily basis. This paper aims to discuss how current Islamic boarding school students' speaking abilities have improved as a result of their use of digital media. The writer selected this medium based on a preliminary investigation that revealed learners' reluctance to use the English language, yet their delight in using Arabic in their daily lives. This study employed a quantitative approach, surveying 23 eighth-grade students using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire to gather data on their experiences and self-confidence in speaking English through digital media. The use of digital media in the classroom inspires students to speak English. Many of our students continue to struggle with proper sentence construction and pronunciation in English. In other words, this study will look at how EFL students' speaking skills have gotten better because they use digital media. The results suggest that digital media has a substantial impact on students' pronunciation, vocabulary retention, sentence construction, and general confidence in speaking English. The findings suggest that incorporating digital media into English language instruction can significantly improve learners' speaking abilities when studying English as a foreign language.

Speaking skill is the skill that give us the ability to communicate effectively. The objective of the study were: (1) to find out the difficulties in reporting procedure text, (2) to find out the reason why do the students feel difficulties in reporting the procedure text, (3) to analysis why the difficulties occur at the studentsspeaking in reporting a procedure text.The population was all of the students first grade X-IPA of SMA Methodist 7 Medan 2019/2020 academic year. The sample of this research was the first grade X IPA consist 29 students in the class. The purpose of this study was to determine student knowledge in the text of the reporting procedure to determine student difficulties in the text of the reporting procedure. This researchers used qualitative method to know and examine the difficulties that occur and strive to resolve existing problems in speaking. From the results of research that has been conducted research, researchers found several that are classified through analysis, namly related to students difficulty in speaking, lack of vocabulary used, lack of pronouncation, and lack of knowledge about listening. And researchers used five aspects in giving scored namly Fluency, pronouncation, Accuracy, Clarity, and Performance skill.The researchers concluded in the other words that there was a significant analysis of students difficulties in reporting procedure text. It is suggested that English Teachers must practicing they speaking skill.

Learning materials are very important in learning Arabic. But in reality, there are many learning processes that do not use even do not have the right textbooks or teaching materials, like the researcher found in Al-Khoiriyah Ma’hadul Qur’an dormitory Sukorejo Situbondo. This was impacting on their lack of speaking skills, while they have to communicate in Arabic and English everyday as bilingual dormitory. Therefore, they need specific learning textbooks so that teaching and learning activities can be directed correctly, especially the textbooks that can support learning maharah kalam, so they can improve their speaking skills. This study aims to preparation textbooks of maharah kalam using functional approach because students need materials that related with their daily activities and functional verbal expressions. The method of this research was research and development (R&D)"which was proposed by Borg and Gall. The design of the product trial went through the expert validation, content and instructional design expert. The results of this textbook trial showed that this textbook was effective to meet the students need to increase speaking skills which using pre-test and post-test exercise, with pre-test result from 58,6 then increase in post test to be 85 and also the result of the teachers and students questionnaire is very good and effective to use after using this product. Therefore the teaching materials useful for their Arabic daily communication

Learning materials are very important in learning Arabic. But in reality, there are many learning processes that do not use even do not have the right textbooks or teaching materials, like the researcher found in Al-Khoiriyah Ma’hadul Qur’an dormitory Sukorejo Situbondo. This was impacting on their lack of speaking skills, while they have to communicate in Arabic and English everyday as bilingual dormitory. Therefore, they need specific learning textbooks so that teaching and learning activities can be directed correctly, especially the textbooks that can support learning maharah kalam, so they can improve their speaking skills. This study aims to preparation textbooks of maharah kalam using functional approach because students need materials that related with their daily activities and functional verbal expressions. The method of this research was research and development (R&D)"which was proposed by Borg and Gall. The design of the product trial went through the expert validation, content and instructional design expert. The results of this textbook trial showed that this textbook was effective to meet the students need to increase speaking skills which using pre-test and post-test exercise, with pre-test result from 58,6 then increase in post test to be 85 and also the result of the teachers and students questionnaire is very good and effective to use after using this product. Therefore the teaching materials useful for their Arabic daily communication

There are several types of activities carried out to improve student speaking skills in English, one of which is simulation. Simulations of speaking skills in learning English must also be tailored to the needs of PGSD students. This study aims to find out and describe the student needs of Primary School Teacher Education in English speaking skills using simulation. Data obtained from questionnaires and interviews. The results of the analysis of learning needs obtained are that students need speaking skills fluently and communicatively in order to prepare them to meet their professional demands as an elementary school teacher later. Needs analysis data designed to reveal a) The current process of speaking English skills in the Muhammadiyah Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program, b) Student needs and difficulties in learning activities using simulation, c) Student needs and desires in speaking skills learning using simulation. Needs analysis reveals that (1) Learning activity activities needed by students are simulations (2) Student's difficulties in speaking skills in learning activities using the most dominant simulation is the lack of confidence and grammar, (3) Desired material in learning activities using simulation in the form of materials relating to elementary school material. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for preparing syllabi and developing teaching material.

This study aimed to explore how YouTube digital videos could enhance students’ speaking skills and to identify the factors that influenced these improvements. Conducted as Classroom Action Research, the study involved 36 seventh-grade students at MTsN 02 Kota Bengkulu. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, gathering both quantitative data through speaking tests and qualitative data through observations, field notes, and interviews. The results revealed that key factors driving this improvement included increased student motivation and active participation in the learning process. Students reported feeling more confident in their speaking abilities, and the authentic language input provided by YouTube videos helped them improve their pronunciation, vocabulary, and fluency. The novelty of this study lay in applying YouTube as a pedagogical tool within an Indonesian junior high school context, specifically focusing on its impact on speaking skills. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of combining digital media with interactive classroom activities to create a more engaging and effective learning environment. This research contributed to the growing body of literature on digital media in education by offering practical insights into how YouTube videos could be successfully integrated into language teaching to foster speaking skill development among younger learners. The findings suggested that YouTube digital videos served as an effective medium for improving language proficiency, particularly in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) contexts, where authentic language exposure was often limited. Moreover, the study emphasized the crucial role of motivation and student engagement, offering valuable strategies for educators to implement in their classrooms to enhance student learning outcomes.

This study aims to determine how the development of teaching materials for the storytelling method on the thematic theme of loving plants and animals in class III and efforts to improve students' speaking skills in class III of Primary School 112327 Siria-Ria. This research is a type of development research (Research and Development) using the 4-D Model 4-D development model, namely defining (Define), designing (Design), developing (Develop), and disseminating (Disseminate). The subjects in this study are media expert validation and material experts and the object in this study is the development of theme learning teaching materials (loving plants and animals) using the storytelling method to improve the speaking skills of grade III elementary school students. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The results of the validation of teaching materials on learning themes (loving plants and animals) using the storytelling method are In the validation of material experts obtained 84% with very feasible criteria. And in the media expert validation obtained a score of 93% with very feasible criteria. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that teaching materials use the storytelling method to improve speaking skills in grade III elementary school students. Can improve the speaking skills of grade III students.

Speaking skill (maharah kalam) is one of the four main skills that must be mastered by students of the Arabic Language Education Study Program at Islamic universities. The main goal of learning speaking skill is to develop the ability to speak in Arabic fluently, effectively, and accurately. Students are expected to be able to express thoughts, feelings, and information clearly and relevant in a variety of communication contexts. But in reality, there are still students who encounter obstacles in the learning process of speaking skill so that the expected goals are not achieved, as happened to PBA IAIN Ternate students. For this reason, this article discusses the difficulties of students in learning speaking skill at PBA IAIN Ternate with those explored from the results of field research with a qualitative descriptive approach, where the data obtained through questionnaires and interviews are processed by library triangulation. The results show that students of the PBA IAIN Ternate study program are still experiencing difficulties in learning speaking skill, from linguistic and non-linguistic aspects. In the linguistic aspect, it can be seen in the difficulty of understanding vocabulary, stringing sentences, and difficulty in capturing information from the interlocutor. Meanwhile, on the non-linguistic side, it can be seen in the students' lack of confidence in communicating. This affects the achievement of the learning goal of speaking skill, which emphasizes communication skills using Arabic.

There are certain stages and skill areas in teaching a foreign language. While an individual learns a language, primarily reading and listening skills develop. A learner who gains competence in these areas begins to improve his writing and speaking skills. First of all, the mind receives information related to the new language and begins to progress in writing and speaking skills by moving to the production stage. While reading, listening and writing skills, which are among these skill areas, continue their course, the desired efficiency cannot be achieved in speaking skills. Speaking skill, which we can call the most important of these skills, has actually been an indicator of how much a language is known. It will be a little difficult for someone who is good at listening and writing skills but not at the desired level in speaking skills to communicate in that language. Studies on speaking skills are limited, as it is such an important tool that people need most throughout their lives. The written products are generally aimed at the development of this skill, and a limited number of works talk about the factors affecting the speaking skill. Factors affecting speaking skills in teaching Turkish to foreigners are extremely important for the development of this skill. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting speaking skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Since quantitative and qualitative research methods will be used together in the study, mixed method was chosen. The quantitative part of the research will consist of a survey to be administered to students and content analysis, while the qualitative part will consist of data collection tools such as one-on-one interview form, focus interview and document analysis. Key Words: Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language, Four Basic Skills, Speaking Skills, Factors Affecting Speaking Skills

Speaking skill is the most important language skills to support communication, especially in English speaking skills are needed for two-way communication that can be understood by one another. However, there are still many students who are not maximal in carrying out English conversations practice to improving their English speaking skills. Therefore, this study aims to analyze students' problems and difficulties in practicing English conversation in order to improve speaking skills. The method used in this research is qualitative by using a descriptive approach. Data were obtained through direct observation and interviews related to the conditions experienced by students in improving their English speaking skills. After the data has been obtained, the data is analyzed through three stages, namely data reduction, data display and data conclusion. The results showed that students had difficulty practicing English conversations due to a lack of confidence, lack of courage, fear of being wrong, not having enough English vocabulary and not having a supportive environment to practice English conversations. Therefore, it is necessary to have a good learning strategy to encourage students to be able to practice speaking in English.

The aims of this study were to: (1) provide teaching materials for students of State Administration, FISIP, and UMSJ in the form of English language modules; and (2) determine the feasibility of teaching materials in the form of English language modules. Research and Development (R&D) research designs, or research that is utilized to create specific goods and evaluate their viability. This research is a research development project (Research and Development). The four-D (4D) development model is the basis for the research design, which has four key stages: (1) define; (2) design; (3) develop, and (4) deploy. In this study, questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGD) were used to collect data. In learning, having access to educational resources is very important. This is because this teaching material contains information about English for Special Purposes courses offered by the State Administration Study Program, FISIP, and UMSJ. Based on preliminary observations made in the speaking class of semester 1 students of the State Administration Study Program at Moch Sroedji University, several deficiencies were found in terms of teaching English speaking: (1) the lecturer's speaking teaching method was less varied (2) the lecturer did not use appropriate media/techniques the theme to be discussed in the speaking course; and (3) learning to speak seems monotonous and boring. Increasing literacy through digital visual literacy is one way to work around this. This ability can be developed with the help of visual media literacy. Researchers adapted the model (Gall, 2003) in this study, which includes needs analysis, product development, expert validation, revision, and testing and modification. At the needs analysis stage, researchers conducted interviews with lecturers and students. Based on the results of the needs analysis, they need literacy and strategies to help them improve their speaking skills.

It is essential to learn basic skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. These habits can be listed as follows; listening, reading, writing, pronunciation and speaking skills. Teaching Turkish as a second language is based on these facts. The most important of these habits is speaking and pronunciation. When learning a language, it is covered in a separate section. Being able to speak the learned language is one of the most important factors in second language teaching. As a result of this; It is seen that the determination and desire for language learning increase. When all of these are taken into account; once again we understand the importance of speaking and pronunciation. The purpose of this study: The importance of foreigners learning Turkish as a second language to gain speaking and pronunciation skills is emphasized. As a result, it is necessary to focus on the applications and methods that can be realized and carefully examined. For this reason, in order to gain both speaking and pronunciation skills, the individual must constantly practice on the language to be learned. Knowing a language means you can speak that language. It is unthinkable for a language to develop without practice. Key words: Turkish as a second language, teaching, speaking, pronunciation skills.