Abstract
We prepared Al/TiC composites with different ceramic volume fractions (15, 25 and 35vol%) using ice-templating and pressure infiltration. The thickness of the lamellar layer and the porosity in the ceramic layer of the TiC scaffolds were controlled by varying the slurry concentration. The Al/15vol%TiC composite had a thick metal layer and a low-density ceramic layer, which effectively dissipated the stress at the crack tip and fractured in a multiple-crack-propagation mode, giving bending strength of 355±3MPa and fracture toughness of 81±2MPam1/2. However, the Al/25vol%TiC and Al/35vol%TiC composites had much higher bending strength (417−500MPa) but lower fracture toughness (46−33MPam1/2) as compared to the Al/15vol%TiC composite, and they fractured in a single-crack-propagation mode. In addition, an increase in the brittle TiAl3 phase with increasing ceramic volume at the fracture surface greatly deteriorated the toughness of the Al/TiC composites. Finally, the relationship between cracking mode and structure features in the laminated composites was discussed to account for the toughening mechanism.
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