Abstract
With advancements in aesthetic medicine, breast augmentation has become a popular plastic surgery worldwide, typically performed using either fine-needle injection or silicone implants. Both carry complication risks from rupture over time. In this study, we aimed to reduce misjudgments and increase diagnostic value by developing an MRI technique that can produce water- and silicone-specific images from MRI scans of phantoms (Natrelle® saline-filled breast implants) and human bodies. Pig oil, soybean oil, and normal saline were used to simulate human breast tissue, and two common types of breast implants, saline bags, and silicone bags, were selected as well, resulting in five materials scanned. Six pulse sequences were applied: T1W fast spin echo (FSE), T1W SPGR/60, T2W, T2W fat-saturation, STIR, and STIR water-saturation. Human body scans were additionally investigated using 3D SPGR fat-saturation dynamic contrast enhancement. Results show that the best way to enhance tissue contrast in images of silicone implants is to apply STIR combined with water suppression, and the best way to enhance saline bag implants is to apply T2W fat-saturation combined with fat suppression. Both offered very high sensitivity and specificity, rendering this method especially useful for distinguishing normal mammary glands from siliconoma.
Highlights
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed on a phantom breast implant filled with saline (Natrelle® ; Allergan, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) and on human bodies
One participant had breast carcinoma proven by her history, 3 silicone implants leaked, One participant had breast carcinoma proven by her history, 3 silicone implants and all participants had siliconomas
Both these imaging techniques are based on Special MRI techniques were developed and applied to breast implants made from a variety of materials
Summary
Two common techniques are fine-needle injection and silicone implants. In the former, injections of various biological materials or gel fillings are placed into the pectoralis major muscle beneath the breasts using a fine needle. Complications such as nodule or blood clot formation, evidenced by lumps, inflammation or infection, pain, or secretions, can result [1,2]. Both types present a risk of rupture, resulting in complications over time
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